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Diarrhoea (C.Diff (Mortality is high, Asymptomatic carriage occurs in 3%…
Diarrhoea
C.Diff
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Spores are resistant to heat, drying + alcohol rubs
Control antibiotic usage, isolate any patient with diarrhoea, and maintain standard infection control procedures
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Risk Groups
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As workload increases, compliance with hand hygiene decreases
Features
Steatorrhoea: increased gas, offensive smell, floating stools. Caused by giardiasis + coeliac disease
Inflammatory diarrhoea: blood + pus in stools, caused by UC + Crohn's
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Invasive bacteria and parasites also produce inflammation e.g. E.coli, shigella, camplyobacter, vibrio cholera, salmonella
Watery diarrhoea is osmotic, secretory or functional
Large Bowel Symptoms
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Watery stool, may have blood + mucus
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Investigations
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Lower GI endoscopy to see malignancy, colitis
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Aetiology
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Causative Organisms
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Norovirus - winter vomiting. Lasts 1-3 days. Occurs in hospitals, care homes, schools, cruise ships
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Epidemiology
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Diarrhoea kills more children than AIDs, malaria + measles combined
Definition
Decreased stool consistency from water, fat or inflammatory discharge
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