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Respiratory System, Julie Abundis (organs (upper tract (epiglottis (closes…
Respiratory System, Julie Abundis
major functions
gas exchange
organs
upper tract
nasal cavity
nostril
oral cavity
pharynx
epiglottis
closes when someone swallows
lower tract
diaphragm
lungs
main bronchi
trachea :
larynx
right and left bronchi primary
support structure
epithelium type chnages
smooth muscles increases
right vs left lung
right
3 lobes
superior, middle, inferior
left
2 lobes
superior, inferior
cardiac notch
breathing/ pulmonary ventilation
inspiration(air into lungs)
expiration (gases exit)
pressures
atmospheric
intrapulmonary
alveoli always equalizes atmospheric
intrapleural pressure
forces pull lungs away from thorax
transpulmonary
difference between intrapulmonary and intrapleural
lung capacity
inspiratory
total amount of air can be inspired
vital
all of volume
functional residual
air remaining in lungs after normal expiration
inspiration respiration
action of diaphragm= contractions
action of intercostal muscles =external muscles contract
expiration respiration
forced expiration= contract abdominal wall muscles
increases intra-abdominal pressure=forces organs against diaphragm
relax muscles after inspiration
thoracic and intrapulmonary volume decreases
disorders
asthma
anatomy of lungs
each lung surrounded by pleurae
connected to mediastinum by vascular and bronchial attachments
costal surface
internal respiration
gases move opposite directions
diffuse
external respiration
oxygen in
carbon dioxide out