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Respiratory System Carlos Duarte Period 5 (Major Functions of the…
Respiratory System Carlos Duarte Period 5
Major Functions of the respiratory System
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Trachea
lungs
Larynx
Alveoli
Pharnynx
Distribution of Air: Filters, warms, Humidifies air
Nose
Gas Exchange: Supplies oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Anatomy of the Respiratory tract
Air is breathed in through the nose or the mouth. In the nasal cavity, a layer of mucous membrane acts as a filter and traps pollutants and other harmful substances found in the air.
Organs of the respiratory system and location Upper and Lower tract
Differences between Right and Left lung and the right and left Primary Bronchi
Left Lung has two lobes ( superior and inferior)
Right Bronchi is wide, shorter, and more vertical
Right lung has three lobes ( Superior, middle and inferior)
Left Bronchi is smaller than the right
Breathing Mechanism ( Pulmonary ventilation)
Expiration: Movement of air out of lungs
Changes in size and shape of the thorax causes changes in air pressure
Inspiration: movement of air into lungs
Air pressure differences actually cause air to move into and out of the lungs
Definitions of lung capacity terminology
Inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) = additional air taken in during maximal inhalation
Expiratory reserve volume(ERV)= Additional air expired during forced exhalation
Tidal volume (TV): Air moved by one respiration about 500 ML
Residual volume=amount of air left in alveoli after forced expiration that keeps alveoli inflated
Respiratory cycle: 1 respiration = 1 inhalation and 1 exhalation
Dead space volume= air remaining in bronchial tree that is not involved in gas exchange
Spirometry: measurement of different air volume
Internal and External respiration
Internal Respiration: Oxygen moves out of the blood in the capillary and into tissue cells
External Respiration: Close proximity of capillaries in the lungs allows exchange of gases between blood and Alveoli
Disorders of the Respiratory system
Lung cancer- Uncontrolled cell growth and development of tumors in the lung
Seasonal Flu - A viral infection ; there are many variations of this virus and it changes rapidly year to year which changes the severity of symptoms
Tuberculosis- Bacterial infection in the respiratory system
Pneumonia - Baterial of viral infection of the lungs
COPD- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder
Major structures
Lower Resp. Tract
Upper Resp. Tract
Main Functions