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Respiratory System, Elena Trinh, Period 2 (disorders (cystic fibrosis…

- - - - oropharynx
        
        connects to mouth
        
        food goes down this path
      - laryngopharynx
        
        "fork in the road" to the larynx or the esophagus
      - nasopharynx
        
        mucus drainage down the throat
        
        connects to nasal cavity
    - - the "voice box"
      - epiglottis protects from food going down the trachea
    - - produces mucus and catches entering bacteria
      - humidifies air
  - - - branches off the trachea
      - bronchodilation: during the "fight or flight" response, you need more air, so the bronchioles expand
      - bronchoconstriction: bronchioles stay skinnier when you are "resting & digesting"
      - left primary bronchus: smaller and longer than the right
      - right primary bronchus: shorter and more vertical than the left
    - - air sacs at the ends of bronchioles
      - surrounded by simple squamous epithelium
      - diffuses O2 into the bloodstream for the tissues
      - diffuses CO2 into the alveoli for exhalation
    - - tube that gets air into the lungs
      - the "windpipe"
    - - right lung: 3 lobes, broader
      - pleura membranes
        
        visceral pleura: covers the surface of the lungs
        
        parietal pleura: lines the inside of the thoracic cavity
      - left lung:2 lobes, smaller/longer because carries the heart & doesn't have to accommodate the liver
    - - separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity
      - contraction expands thoracic cavity