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Darren Butarbutar - Respiratory System (Breathing mechanism (Physiology),…
Darren Butarbutar - Respiratory System
Major Functions of the Respiratory System
Supply the body with Oxygen and dispose of carbon dioxide
External respiration
Transport of respiratory gases
Pulmonary ventilation
Internal respiration
Differences between the Left and Right Lung
Right Lung
Right Lung has three lobes
Left Lung
Only has Two Lobes because space is taken up by the heart
Organs of the Respiratory system and location (upper and lower respiratory track)
Upper
Larynx
Oral Cavity
Nostril
Pharynx
Nasal Cavity
Epiglottis
Lower
Carina of Trachea
Right Bronchus
Trachea
Left Bronchus
Right lung
Left lung
Diaphragm
Anatomy of the Respiratory Tract
Oropharynx
Platine tonsil
Isthmus of the fauces
Laryngopharynx
Nasopharynx
Tubal tonsil
Opening of pharyngotympanic
Pharyngeal tonsil
Larynx
Thyroid Cartilage
Vocal Fold
Vestibulor
Cricoid caritlage
Epiglottis
Trachea
Differences between Left and Right Primary Bronchi
Right Bronchi vs Left
Much wider, shorter, and more vertical than left bronchus
Breathing mechanism (Physiology)
Inspiratory muscles relax
Thoratic cavity volume decreases
Air (Gasses) glow into lungs down its pressure gradient until intrapulmonary pressure is 0
Elastic lungs recoil passively
Intrapulmonary pressure drops to (-1 mm Hg)
Intrapulmonary pressure rises
Lungs are stretched; intrapulmonary volume increases
Air flows out of lungs down its pressure gradient until intrapulmonary pressure is 0
Thoratic Cavity volume increasess
Inspiratory muscles contract (muscles descends)
Definitions of lung capacity Terminology
Functional Residual Capacity
represents the amount of air remaining in the lungs after a normal tidal voloume
Vital Capacity
total amount of exchangable air
Inspiratory Capacity
total amount of air that can be inspired after a normal tidal volume expiration
Total Lung Capacity
sum of all lung volumes
Internal and External Respiration
External
External respiration refers to the process of respiration (or breathing) where gases are exchanged between the lungs and the 'external' environment. Pulmonary gas exchange takes place in the lungs between the alveoli and the blood.
Internal
the exchange of gases (as oxygen and carbon dioxide) between the cells of the body and the blood by way of the fluid bathing the cells
Disorders of the respiratory system
Tuberculosis
an infectious disease caused by an airborne bacterium
Lung Cancer
promoted by free radicals and other carciongens in tobacco smoke
Asthna
reversible obstruction caused by an immune response that causes its victims to wheeze and gasp as their inflamed respiratory passages constrict
Sleep Apnea
Sleep AApnea is usually caused by obstruction of the pharynx during sleep
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Lungs lose their elasticity and expiration becomes an active process