Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Respiratory System, (Larynx (The larynx, or voice box , routes air and…
Respiratory System,
Larynx
The larynx, or voice box , routes air and food into the proper channels and plays a role in speech.
The largest of the hyaline cartilages is the shield-shaped thyroid cartilage, which protrudes anteriorly and is commonly called the Adams apple.
The epiglottis protects the superior opening of the larynx.
Part of the mucosa membrane of the larynx forms a pair of folds, called the vocal folds, or true vocal cords, which vibrate with expelled air.
The slitlike passageway between the vocal folds is the glottis.
The Nose
The nose whether "pug" or "ski-jump" in shape, is the only externally visible part of the respiratory system.
During breathing, air enters the nose by passing through the external nares, or nostrils.
The inferior of the nose consists of the nasal cavity, divided by a midline nasal septum.
The lateral walls of the nasal cavity are uneven owing to three mucosa-covered projections or lobes, called conchae, which greatly increase the surface area of the mucosa exposed to the air.
The palate Anteriorly, where the palate is supported by bone, is the hard palate; the unsupported posterior part is the soft palate.
The nasal cavity is surrounded by a ring of parastatal sinuses located in the frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, and maxillary bones.
Sinusitis, or sinus inflammation, is difficult to treat and can cause marked changes in voice quality.
Lungs
The paired lungs are fairly large organs
They occupy the entire thoracic cavity except for the most central area, the mediastinum, which houses the heart, the great blood vessels, bronchi, esophagus, and other organs.
The narrow superior portion of each lung, the apex is located just deep to the clavicle.
The broad lung area resting on the diaphragm is the base.
The surface of each lung is covered with a visceral serosa called the pulmonary, pr visceral, pleura, and the walls of the thoracic cavity are lined by the partial pluera.
Trachea
Air entering the trachea or windpipe from the larynx travels down its length (10-12cm, or about 4 inches) to the level of the fifth thoracic vertebra, which is approximately midcoast.
The heimlich maneuver a procedure in which air in a persons own lungs is used to "pop out", or expel, an obstructing piece of food, has saved many other people from becoming victims of such "cafe coronaries".
Pharynx
The pharynx is a muscular passageway about 13 cm (5 inch) long that vaguely resembles a short length of red garden house.
It is continuous with the nasal cavity anteriorly via the internal nares.
Air enters the superior portion, the nasopharynx from the nasal cavity and then descends through the oropharynx and laryngopharynx to enter the larynx below.
The pharyngeal tons, often called adenoid, is located high in the nasopharynx.
The palatine tonsils are in the oropharynx at the end of the soft palate; the lingual tonsils are at the base of the tongue.
Primary Bronchi
Primary Bronchi the right and left are formed by the divisions of the trachea.
The organs of the respiratory system include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and their smaller branches, and the lungs, which contain the alveoli, or terminal air sacs.