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The Crusades (The First Crusades (Emperor Alexius 1 appealed to Pope Urban…

- - - - heretics = a Christian who holds views that conflict with official Church teachings
  - - - Muslim Turks began to harass & kill visiting Christian pilgrims in 1071
  - - - There were many reasons to why the Christians responded.
        
        -to gain wealth -to gain power -to gain land -to gain knighthood -were also promised eternal life in heavan
  - - - led by Walter the Penniless
        
        was a violent rabble beginning with a murder of Jews in Germany
        
        left a trail of destruction
        
        wiped out by the Turks as it was poorly organised
    - - successfully defeated the Turks and took city after city throughout the Holy Land
        
        including Nicaea, Antioch and finally Jerusalem
- - - - generally agreed that the Crusades came to an end when the Turks took Constantinople in 1453 as a part of the Ottoman Empire
- - - - Despite their defeat, Saladin allowed Christians to visit the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem