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The Crusades By Hafsah 8C (Words To Know (Heretic (A Christian who holds…
The Crusades
By Hafsah 8C
Other Crusades
Third Crusade
After the Kurdish leader Salahuddin Ayyubi conquered Jerusalem the third crusade was inspired.
A lack of unity among Crusader Leaders caused loss in the Expedition.
Success in capturing the city of Acre
Despite their defeat Salahuddin allowed the christian to visit the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem
Lasted from 1189 to 1192
Fourth Crusade
Lasted from 1202 to 1204
It was started against the Turks but then became pillage of Christian cities, including Constantinople or modern-day Istanbul.
The issue was commercial rivalry rather than religion.
Second Crusade
Lasted from 1147 to 1149
This Crusade
didn't
succeed
Defeated at Damascus
Started because the Turks took over Edessa.
There were other crusades for land which went to and fro between the Muslims and Crusaders.
In 1453 the Turk made Constantinople a part of the ottoman empire.
Words To Know
Heretic
A Christian who holds views that conflict with the official church teachings.
Pilgrim
One who travels to a sacred place to devotion to his or her faith
Crusades
A series of wars fought throughout Europe and the Middle East in the eleventh and thirteenth century.
Crusader
During the Middle Ages, someone who took part in a Crusade, an armed expedition against those who were believed to be enemies of the church.
Holy Land
Land in the Middle East which has significant importance for the Christians, Jews and Muslims.
Pillage
To steal or plunder using force, especially during war.
The First Crusade
The main enemies were the
Muslim Turks
When the Muslim Turks took over Jerusalem in 1071 they began to harass and even kill Christians.
Constantinople's place in this
Emperor Alexius I
made a heartfelt request to
Pope Urban II
to help him fight his Muslim enemies
Crusader
Crusader comed from the latin term
Crux
which means cross
They generally affected the Holy Land.
The term 'Crusader' only came to be in the thirteenth century.
The First Expedition
This expedition included the peasants and was led by
Walter the Penniless
but since it was as poorly organised it ended earlier.
The Second Expedition
Led by knights
Successfully defeated the Turks
Took Multiple cities in The Holy Land
Antinoch
Finally Jerusalem
Nicaea
Salahuddin Ayyubi
Background
Salahuddin is from a Kurdish nationality
He is from an important background since his father was the governor of Baalbek
He learnt military skills from his uncle, Asad Al-Din Shirkuh
Link to the Crusades
Salahuddin went on to capture Egypt from the Fatimids, and Syria from the Zengids, uniting the Muslim lands together and became known as the Sultan of Egypt and Syria.
The crusades began before Salahuddin was in rule,in the Middle-East between 1095 and 1291
Salahuddin was able to defeat the Crusaders.
Since he was able to defeat the Crusaders, he ended up controlling the city of Jerusalem
Jerusalem
Salahuddin was known as one of the world's greatest heroes.
Salahuddin had decimated the occupying armies, defeating the Crusaders at the decisive battle of Hattin in July 1187, when they attacked Muslim pilgrims. This eventually leads to the capturing of Jerusalem by Salahuddin a few months later in October 1187.
Jerusalem
A very important city to the Christians, Jews and Muslims
That's why most wars between Muslim Turks and Crusaders took place here, since everyone wanted it to be theirs.
The Holy Schepulture
A site in Jerusalem which is holy to the Christians.
It is believed to be Jesus' tomb site.
Bibliography
https://www.onepathnetwork.com/jerusalem-was-recaptured-830-years-ago-by-salahuddin/
