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Blood flow and the control of blood pressure (Flow = CO (Heart left…
Blood flow and the control of blood pressure
Flow
= CO
Heart
left ventricle
Artery
0.1-10 mm
Arteriole
-10-100 um
variable resistance
directs blood to different tissue
Capillary
4-10 um
leaky epithelium
Venule
10-100 um
Vein
0.1-100 mm
Tissue
Local control via paracrine signal
overules other regulatories
metabolic demand goes UP
LOW O2
1 more item...
HIGH CO2
1 more item...
sympathetic innveration
Norepinephrine
\( \alpha_1 \) receptor
vasoconstriction
Epinephrine
\( \beta_2 \) receptor
vasodillation
when BP goes up
myogenic response
contraction
stretch sensitive Na+ channels open > depolarization
Ca2+ entry
Ca2+ > Ca2-Calmodulin > binds to MLCK
Myosin ATPase activity goes up
contraction
Right atrium
\( flow = \frac{deltaP}{R} \)
\( pulsepressure = systolic - diastolic \)
\( R = \frac{Ln}{r^4} \)
\( MAP = dia + 1/3 (sys - dia) \)
Anatomy
Tunica intima
Basal lamina
Pericytes
forms BBB
Angiogenesis
+
Fibroblast growth factor
vascular endothelial growth factor
cytokines
-
angiostatin
endostatin