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Population Health in Australia (4. The Promise of Medicine Era (Australia…
Population Health in Australia
There were
distinct periods in the development of population health
Eras
The Promise of Medicine Era
The Lifestyle Era
The Nation Building Era
The New Public Health Era
The Colonial Era
The Ecological Health Era
Indigenous Control Era
1. Indigenous Control Era
The
invasion of Europeans affected the health status
of Indigenous Australians:
Newly
introduced infectious diseases
(smallpox and measles)
Introduced products
(such as sugar, tobacco and alcohol)
disrupted traditional lifestyles
Violence
from the invading Europeans
caused mortality
The
hunter-gatherer lifestyle was disrupted
4. The Promise of Medicine Era
Health and other social services were expanded as a result of wealth.
Infectious diseases
were
seen as less of a public health threat
and (with the exception of many Indigenous communities)
clean water and sewerage was assured
.
Australia was Wealthy:
Low Unemployment
High Immigration
2. Colonial Era
Response to Disease
The Germ Theory:
Quarantining people and goods was a response arising from this theory
The Miasmia Theory
: This resulted in the implementation of strategies to remove rubbish and waste products from cities
The colonial era took place from white invasion until the 1890s and
the main aim was to control infectious diseases.
Before Federation
(1901): The federal government had very little involvement in public health issues (excluding the Quarantine Act).
3. The Nation Building Era
Public health was viewed as a
means to strengthen Australia as a nation and maintaining good health was encouraged
.
Important Developments
1925
: Federal Health Council was created to promote cooperation between the federal and state governments.
1936
: National Health and Medical Research Council (NH&MRC)
1912
: Commonwealth Department of Health represented a commitment to improving the health of the nation.