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Nutritional Assessment (Who needs assessing? (Hospital patients, Elderly,…
Nutritional Assessment
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Systematic process of collecting and interpreting information in order to make decision about the nature and the cause of nutrition related health issues that affect an individual (BDA, 2012)
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Quetelets index = kg/m2 = BMI - employed in large scale nutrition surveys and epidemiological studies as indirect measures of obesity.
Skinfold thickness - estimate of subcutaneous fat - estimate of the total body fat. Uses calipers. TRICEPS - BICEPS - SUBSCAPULAR - SUPRAILIAC
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Waist:hip ratio - describe the distribution of both adipose tissue. Increases with age and excessive weight. Men and women differ.
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Electrolytes: sodium, potassium (reflects hydration status)
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Immunological - delayed cutaneous hypersensitivity DCH to recall antigen - may indicate undernourishment/micronutrient deficinecy
Questions on diet changes, vomiting, diarrhoea, sudden weight changes, raised temp, muscle wasting, loss of sub fat, ascites (liver function)
Refer to dietician if BMI <18 or 10% weight loss in < 2 weeks. Might need advice, referal, support. Sip feeds/supplements. GIT feeds or line fee TPN