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Malaria (PD and PK Consideration in Antimalarial Treatment (Quinine and…
Malaria
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Transmission
Bite of an infected female mosquito, within minutes sporozoites travel to liver, infecting hepatocytes (presymptomatic for a week)
Then, host cell ruptures, releasing thousands fo merozoites, which then infect red blood cells
Merozoites in infected RBCs can undergo asexual reproduction and release more merozoites that then infect other RBCs
Merozoites cannot re-establish liver infection, but hynozoites can lay dormant in hepatocytes for months to years and then recreate the blood infection.
A small proportion of merozoites become gametocytes, which are ingested by a mosquito when they bite an infected human. The gametocyte can fertilize to become zygotes. Multiple rounds of asexual replication produces more sporozoites, allowing the mosquito to transmit malaria again.
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