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ORGANISATION: LEVELS OF ORGANISATION (TISSUES, ORGANS AND SYSTEMS (tissues…
ORGANISATION: LEVELS OF ORGANISATION
SPECIALISED CELLS
cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms
as an organism develops, cells differentiate to form different types of cells, they become specialised
most types of animal cell differentiate at an early stage, but many types of plant cell can differentiate throughout their life
as a cell differentiates
it may change shape
different sub-cellular structures develop to let it to carry out a specific function
TYPES OF SPECIALISED CELLS
sperm cell
tail: to propel the sperm to fertilise the egg
mitochondria: sperm have many of theses cell components, which are the major site of respiration, to provide energy for their journey
nucleus: contains only one set of the genetic material
acrosome: contains enzymes to allow the sperm to penetrate the outer layer of the egg
muscle cell
nucleus
mitochondria
protein fibres
motor neurone
dendrites
cell body
sheath
axon
xylem
TISSUES, ORGANS AND SYSTEMS
in most organisms, cells are arranged into tissues
a tissue is a group of cells with a similar structure and function
tissues
muscle tissue contracts to produce movement
glandular tissue produces substances such as enzymes and hormones
epithelial tissue covers organs
organs are a group of different tissues, which all work together to perform a specific function
each organ may contain several tissues
organs are organised into organ systems, which are groups of organs working together to do a particular job
KEY WORDS