Arrangement of Electrons in the Atom 2
AAS
- Light that emerges has certain wavelenghts missing i.e dark lines are observed in spectrum(AAS)
- Emission spectrum consists of coloured lines against a dark background
- Absorption spectrum consists of dark lines against a coloured background
Heisenburgs Uncertainty Principle
Uses of AAS
- Detecting the presence of certain elements in materials dissolved in water & measuring the concentrations of these elements using an instrument called an atomic absorption spectrometer
- Used in forensic science to test for gunshot residue
Wave nature of the electron
- Louis de Broglie-all moving particles have a wave like motion associated with them
- Impossible to measure both the velocity and position of the electron at the same time
Limitations
- Heisenburgs Uncertainty Principle was in conflict with Bohrs theory i.e we can only refer to the probability of finding an electron in a region in space
- Bohrs theory could not explain the splitting of certain lines in emission spectra and did not take into account the presence of sublevels
Orbitals
- Region in space where there is a high probability of finding an electron
- px py pz
- Sublevel-subdivision of a main energy level and consists of one or more orbitals of the same energy
- 2p sublevel consists of 3 p orbitals of the same energy