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Micronutrients - Vitamins (Water Soluble Vitamins (vitamin B1 (thiamine),…
Micronutrients - Vitamins
Water soluble need every 3 day fat soluble need less often
They don't give us energy, just help biochemical process to produce energy
Organic (C,H,O and sometimes N) small quantities for normal development and growth and metabolism
Needed to form red blood cells, hormones, genetic material, maintain proper functioning of nervous system
Exist in more than one active form. Each form has different function in the body.
Water soluble - vitamin B groups, vitamin C - BE COOL. transported in water and excess excreted by urine
Fat soluble - A,D,E,K - ALL DOGS EAT KITTENS - soluble in lipids. transported through the body and stored in the liver and fat.
Water soluble - absorbed in the bloodstream directly and move freely in cells
Water Soluble Vitamins
vitamin B1 (thiamine)
vitamin B2 (riboflavin)
vitamin B3 (niacin)
vitamin B5 (pantothenic)
vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
vitamin B7 (Biotin)
vitamin B9 (folate and folic acid)
vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
4 main functions of vitamins - antioxidants, coenzymes, food additives, pharmacologic agents
Beta-carotene is a precursor to vit A
Vitamins work as coenzymes - facilitate important chemical reactions. Enzymes are not active without a coenzyme. Coenzyme are organic - make up the non protein portion of enzyme
Move through the body via digestion, absorption and metabolism. Digestion - Main happen in the small intestine. Requires the breakdown of food. Contraction in intestinal wall and secretion of digestive enzymes breakdown food and facilitate absorption through intestine wall
Apbsorption - active transport and diffusion across cell membrane. Water soluble absorbed througout GI tract. Folic acid absorbed ileum. Less likely to be toxic as they are excrete in the urine.
Fat soluble - absoorbed in different portions of the small intestine. Vitamin A in duidenal and upper jejunal and areas of the small intestine. Stored in the body like fats - excessive amounts can be fatal.
B12 require gastric protein intrinsic factor for absorption in small intestine