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Science (3.2 (Potential energy (potential energy is energy that is stored…
Science
3.2
Potential energy
potential energy is energy that is stored in objects and is waiting to be used. this stored energy can be the result of a change of shape (stretching or squashing) or an object's height above the ground.
Gravitational energy
Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored in an object high above ground. The larger the mass and the larger the height, the more GPE the object gains. As an object falls down, the object's GPE can be transformed into other forms of energy.
An example of this is when a person plays on a slide at the playground. The higher they climb, the more GPE they get. When they slide down, the GPE decreases and the person gains movement energy.
Elastic potential energy
Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in an object that has changed in shape. The more the object stretches, the more energy they hold.
An example of this is a trampoline. A trampoline has the ability to store energy, or hold it, for later use or if things change. The springs and the mat of the trampoline stretch under our weight and hold this stored energy. The energy is returned to our bodies when the springs and mat return to normal and throw us into the air.
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Nuclear potential energy
Nuclear potential energy is the energy stored in the centre of an atom. When atoms react in chemical reactions, they usually release only small amounts of energy. However, if the centres or nuclei of those atoms can be made to react, the amount of energy released is much, much larger.
3.3
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light energy
light is essential to our lives and devices such as electrical light bulb, or the old oil gas lamps can help us see in the dark. but the best source is the sun.
light energy is the type of energy that our eyes can usually detect. it moves in small packets of energy called photons. some colors are in the visible spectrum, but the light we see is part of a larger group called electromagnetic radiation( ultraviolet light, x-rays and microwaves)
the reason life exists on earth and not on other planets is because our atmosphere allows the right amounts of different forms of light coming from the sun to reach the surface. plants need light to grow which can also be food for animals and humans
nowadays, we are trying to capture the light energy as efficiently as plants do with solar cells which turn light into electricity, this is sustainable as the sun can never run out of the energy
heat energy
also known as thermal energy which can be generated by friction, or burning chemicals we experience heat energy can be transfered from hot to cold eg; an ice block feels cold because it takes away the heat energy from our hands
electrical energy
all substances are made up of positive and negative energy charges that, when separated, have electrical energy. this means they are in a state of excitement and are trying to get back together again. as they try to connect, the lelctrical energy they had when thye were separated can change to light, heat oe movement
sound energy
sound is made when things vibrate. vibrations are tiny movements going back and fourth examples; gasses, liquids, solids(speakers). but energy is neede dto make this sound of vibrations. so unless the movements arent made, the sound cannot be herad
3.1
Energy is the ability to do work. it is how things change and move. it cannot be created or destroyed
plants are very efficient at absorbing the energy of the sun. the energy is transferred from the sun to the plant. the plant uses the energy to grow and eventually, animals eat the plants and the energy is transferred.
Public transport uses energy. Trams and metropolitan trains transfer the electrical energy from the overhead wires into the motor that makes the wheels move.
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