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Corticosteroids drugs (Name: Prednisolone (Mechanism of action (An…
Corticosteroids drugs
Name: Prednisolone
Mechanism of action
An adrenocortical steroid that inhibits accumulation of inflammatory cells at inflammatory sites, phagocytosis, lysosomal enzyme release and synthesis and release of mediators of inflammation.
It prevents or suppresses cell-mediated immune reactions
it also decreases or prevent tissue response to inflammatory process
Indications
-It is a substitution therapy for deficiency states for acute and chronic adrenal insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia and adrenal insufficiency secondary to pituitary insufficiency
-Treat non endocrine disorders
-Treatment of conjunctivitis and corneal injury
-Treat skin diseases
Contraindications
-Hypersensitivity
-Acute superficial herpes simplex keratitis
-Systemic fungal infection
-Varicella
-Cushing syndrome
Side effects
-Abdominal distention
-Increased sweating
-Increased appetite
Increased susceptibility to infection
-Constipation or diarrhea
-Delayed wound healing
Nursing considerations
Nurse should pay more attention to patients with cirrhosis, Diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and peptic ulcer disease.
Monitor growth and development of children receiving long term steroids
Nurses should emphasise the danger of taking alcohol during therapy as it may cause changes in blood glucose level.
Mouth should be assessed daily for signs and symptoms of candida infection.
-Monitor vital signs
-Be alert of signs of infection
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Name: Triamcinolone
Indications
-For the treatment of symptoms of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis
-For ulcerative or inflammatory oral lesions
-For the relief of joint inflammation associated with osteoarthritis or rheumatoid
-Corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses
Mechanism of action
-It controls the rate of protein synthesis
-Depresses migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes
-Reverses capillary permeability
-Stabilizes lysosomal membranes
-Prevent or control inflammation
Side effects
-Mild nasopharyngeal irritation
-Nasal burning
-Stinging or dryness
-Change in taste
-Pharyngeal candidiasis
-Headache
Nursing considerations
-Nurses should ensure that triamcinolone is not established in children younger than 2-6 years
-Hepatitis A axis suppression should be monitored by urinary free cortisol tests
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