Cyclosporine
Mechanism of action
Lower the activity of T cell
Binds to the cystosolic protein cyclophilin of lymphocytes, especially of Tcells
Indications
Management of ulcerative colitis
Treatment of severe rheumatoid arthritis
Prevention of rejection of transplantation
Nursing consideration
Observe patients receiving the drug parenterally
Monitor input and output
Monitor vital signs and also report significant rise in BP
Monitor blood or plasma drug concentration at regular intervals
Periodic tests should be made of neurologic function
Take medication with meals to reduce nausea or GI irritation
Take medication at the same time each day to maintain therapeutic blood levels
Keep scheduled follow up appointments
Do not breastfeed while taking this drug
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Breastfeeding
Infections
Malignant tumour
Abnormal renal function
Liver problem and liver damage
Severe uncontrolled high blood pressure
Seizures
High amount of uric acid in the blood
Side effects
High blood pressure
Blood clots in the kidney
Stomach pain
Hair growth in certain areas
Acne
Tremors
Male pattern hair growth in females
Increased size of the gums
Headache
Storage conditions
Keep away from children
Keep in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight
Store at a room temperature
Store below 25 degrees
Do not freeze
Keep away from moisture and heat
Route of administration
Cyclosporine injection
Given together with steroid medicine to prevent the body from rejecting the transplanted organ
Intravenous route
Should be administered with adrenal corticosteroids
Oral administration
Dilute oral solution with orange or apple juice, stir well, then administer immediately