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Non Carbonyl Functional Group (Halocarbons (naming (2- follow alphabetical…
Non Carbonyl Functional Group
Halocarbons
naming
2- follow alphabetical order in naming halogens
3-use prefixes and number to find their position
1- start numbering the parent chain in a way to give functional group the lowest number
4- change ending of halogens by adding -o
functional group
Cl,Br,F,I
general naming
R
Alcohol
naming
1- the longest continuous chain (LCC) of carbon atoms containing the OH group is taken as the parent compound—an alkane with the same number of carbon atoms. The chain is numbered from the end nearest the OH group.
2- The number that indicates the position of the OH group is prefixed to the name of the parent hydrocarbon, and the -e ending of the parent alkane is replaced by the suffix -ol. (In cyclic alcohols, the carbon atom bearing the OH group is designated C1, but the 1 is not used in the name.) Substituents are named and numbered as in alkanes.
3-If more than one OH group appears in the same molecule (polyhydroxy alcohols), suffixes such as -diol and -triol are used. In these cases, the -e ending of the parent alkane is retained.
general formula
R-OH
functional group
(-OH) hydroxyl group
Ethers
naming
2- begin numbering the carbon chains on either side of the oxygen identified in step 1.
3- use this format: [alkyl on side further from the carbonyl] (space) [alkane on the side with the carbonyl] - (In this case: [methyl] [methane])
1-identify the oxygen that is part of the continuous chain and bonded to carbon on both sides.
4-change the ending of the alkane on the same side as the carbonyl from -e to -oate. (In this case: methyl methanoate)
general naming
functional group
O
Amine
general naming
functional group
Haifa Aldawood 12c
