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Urinary System (The major functions of the following electrolytes:…
Urinary System
Nephron Physiology: filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion
Reabsorption is the absorption of molecules, ions, and water that are necessary for the body to maintain homeostasis from the glomerular filtrate back into the blood.
Secretion is the transfer of hydrogen ions, creatinine, drugs, and urea from the blood into the collecting duct, and is primarily made of water.
Filtration is the transfer of soluble components, like water and waste, from the blood into the glomerulus.
The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney because the nephron filters the plasma, reabsorbs critical molecules, and excretes the rest
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The role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, ADH, and ANP in the regulation of blood volume and pressure
ADH
ADH a hormone released from the posterior pituitary gland that causes an increase in blood pressure. ADH vasoconstricts our blood vessels, which causes increased blood pressure. It also increases water absorption from the distal tubule and collecting ducts.
ANP
a cardiac hormone which gene and receptors are widely present in the body. It's function is to lower blood pressure and to control electrolyte homeostasis.
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Renin
an enzyme released by the juxtaglomerular cells of the kidneys in response to low blood pressure, causing the transformation of angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
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Aldosterone
a hormone that increases the absorption of water from the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct of the kidney's nephrons.