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English 3 semester (Computers (IBM and the computers (IBM 701 (Some went…

- - - - Some went to atomic research, others went to aircraft companies and research facilities including the US Weather Bureau
      - Was built 19
      - Developed in 1953
      - Storage tubes for memory
      - Used magnetic tape to store information
      - New computer language FORTRAN
      - The goal was that a computer was needed in helping to compute and keep track of the effort of policing Korea
    - - Floating point hardware
      - Magnetic core memory (better, than magnetic drum stored memory)
    - - Business computers
      - Developed in 1960
      - Fastest computer of its day
  - - - Own inexpensive computer
      - Developed in 1973-1974
      - First sold in 1975
      - 8080 CPU, 256 byte RAM card
      - 400 dollars
  - - - First sold in 1976-1977
      - 666,66 dollars
      - 8K of RAM, video interface,single circuit board, 6502 processor(20 dollars)
    - - Was realized in 1977
      - Floppy disk drive
      - 1298 dollars
  - - - Floppy disk drives
      - Easier for software developers to create and sale programms
- - - - Text
        
        Names
        
        Quotes
        
        Dates
      - Photo, pictures
        
        Relevant
        
        Good quality
        
        One slide-one picture
      - Key words
        
        Thank you all for listening ...
        
        I'd like to show you...
        
        My talk will take about …minutes.
        
        In the first part...
        
        I'm going to talk about..
        
        Thank you for giving me the opportunity to talk you today.
        
        Good morning everyone.
      - Tables
      - Diagrams, graphes
- - - - First shipwreck
        
        Last shipwreck
        
        Number of shipwrecks
        
        Causes of shipwrecks
        
        It found that 91.2% of ships were sunk by severe weather – mainly tropical storms and hurricanes – 4.3% ran on to reefs or had other navigational problems, and 1.4% were lost to naval engagements with British, Dutch or US ships. A mere 0.8% were sunk in pirate attacks
        
        681 shipwrecks off Cuba, Panama, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Bermuda, the Bahamas and the US Atlantic coast
        
        July 1898, when the Spanish destroyer Plutón was hit by a US boat off Cuba
        
        Christmas Day 1492, when Christopher Columbus’ flagship, the Santa María, sank off the coast of what is now Haiti
    - - gold, silver, emeralds, spices, mercury and cochineal
      - “But it’s not just about products and trade. These ships were also carrying ideas. We were surprised to find a lot of boats loaded with religious objects – relics, decorations and even stones to build churches.”
      - “we found boats that were carrying clothes for slaves”
      - Others carried weapons to be used in putting down local rebellions.
    - - three researchers working for the Spanish culture ministry
        
        leader: archaeologist, Carlos León
        
        the naval historian Genoveva Enríquez
        
        his fellow archaeologist Beatriz Domingo
      - What are they doing
        
        project to catalogue the wrecks of the ships that forged and maintained the empire
        
        Aims
        
        “One was to come up with a tool that can be used for identifying and protecting wreck sites – especially in areas where there’s a high concentration of sunken ships.
        
        “The other was to recover a bit of history that’s been very much forgotten. The most famous ships have been investigated, but there’s a huge number about which we know absolutely nothing. We don’t know how they sank, or how deep.”
        
        The information gathered would help the team to find out what navigation was like at the time
    - - unscrupulous treasure hunters who all too often use salvage permits as a cover for more profitable explorations
  - - - log
        
        shipwreck
        
        sink
        
        treacherous (коварный)
        
        timber
        
        swelled (разрастаться)
        
        1 more item...
      - THE SECOND PART
        
        herald
        
        twilight
        
        scour (рыскать)
        
        fellow (товарищ)
        
        have put together a list
        
        1 more item...
        
        THE THIRD PART
        
        THE FOURTH PART
        
        crucifix (распятие)
        
        succeed
        
        enrich
        
        1 more item...
        
        engagement
        
        mere
        
        take-off
        
        inventory
        
        1 more item...
  - - - THE FIRST PART
        
        astonish (изумлять)
        
        devoid (лишённый)
        
        artificial (искусственный)
        
        evolve (эволюционировать)
        
        eventually (в конце концов)
        
        1 more item...
        
        THE SECOND PART
        
        particularly those (особенно те)
        
        within (в пределах)
        
        setting (окружение)
        
        yield (давать)
        
        1 more item...
        
        THE THIRD PART
        
        desire (желание)
        
        fruitful (плодотворный)
        
        treat (относиться)
        
        1 more item...
        
        THE FOURTH PART
        
        prompts (?)
        
        anniversary (юбилей)
        
        1 more item...
    - - Last year a portrait of Edmond Belamy sold for $432,000 (£337,000).
        
        The picture was created by an algorithm drawing on a data set of 15,000 portraits painted between the 14th and 20th Centuries
      - Questions
        
        Can a computer, devoid of human emotion, ever be truly creative?
        
        And as artificial intelligence evolves and eventually perhaps reaches or surpasses human level intelligence, what will this mean for human artists and the creative industries in general?
        
        Algorithms have already created artworks, poems, and pieces of music, but are they merely mimicking rather than creating?
        
        But is art more than just creative problem-solving?
        
        can your algorithm generate a world that has meaning to it, and that is particular to the player in terms of place or skill?
      - How we define creativity (Cognitive neuroscientist Romy Lorenz )
        
        Finding completely new ways to solve problems
        
        AI has already achieved that
        
        In 2017, one of DeepMind's AI programmes beat the world's number one player of Go Ke Jie
        
        Dr Lorenz points out that true artistic creativity differs from creative problem solving in that it requires a shift in perspective that machines do not appear to have the capacity for. It's about taking an abstract form and making it concrete.
        
        "But AI has no internal world and it has no need to create its desires or fears."
      - Games, particularly those which take place within virtual worlds, have been the perfect setting for AI to solve problems creatively.
        
        algorithm yields quite boring results (argues New York-based professor of computer science, Julian Togelius)
        
        Kate Compton's "10,000 bowls of oatmeal" problem
        
        space exploration game No Man's Sky, which offered 18 quintillion algorithmically-generated planets to explore
      - Musician and University of Sussex lecturer Dr Alice Eldridge suggests that we should treat AI as "just another tool that we have designed, like the wheel, or the combustion engine".
        
        She has helped create a feedback cello
        
        Mick Grierson, at the UAL Creative Computing Institute in London, believes advances in AI will "lead to better art, new types of artists and new mediums".
        
        In 2016, Nordic band Sigur Rós used his software to create a constantly evolving version of one of their singles
        
        Innovative composer and producer Brian Eno, who has worked with Roxy Music, David Bowie and Coldplay amongst others, is also a big fan of using algorithms to create music that constantly changes.
        
        Prof Grierson has also worked with Massive Attack on an AI reworking of their Mezzanine album, to mark its 20th anniversary.
        
        a neural network
        
        visitors to an upcoming Barbican exhibition will be able to affect the resulting sound by their movements.
        
        he believes machines will never come close to competing
      - "The technology is never going to be good enough to generate better culture than people who use it to create their own."