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Anaemia (Iron Deficiency Anaemia (Investigations (Decreased ferritin, iron…
Anaemia
Iron Deficiency Anaemia
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Aetiology
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Blood loss via menorrhagia, GI bleeding
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Pathogenesis
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In chronic iron deficiency, the final step in haem synthesis is interrupted
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Investigations
Decreased ferritin, iron, transferrin
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Blood film: microcytic hypochromic RBCs, variable size (anisocytosis) and shape (poikilocytosis)
Treatment
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The usual reason that a patient fails to respond to iron replacement is that the patient has rejected the pills - check compliance
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Aplastic Anaemia
Definition
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Pancytopenia = reduced numbers of all major cell lines, red, white, platelets
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Sideroblastic Anaemia
Definition
= Inherited or acquired disorder in which the body has enough iron but cannot incorporate it into Hb
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Pathophysiology
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There is iron loading in the marrow and haemosiderosis (liver and heart damage due to iron deposition)
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Definition
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Anaemia = A low Hb concentration due to either low RBC mass or increased plasma volume (e.g. in pregnancy)