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Immunity (immunity in animals (immune system is made up of (skin, lymph…
Immunity
immunity in animals
immune system is made up of
skin
lymph system
Spleen
bone marrow
Immune system produces white blood cells (Leukocytes)
The TWO types of Leukocytes
1). Lymphoccytes
B-Lymphocytes
T-Lymphocytes
Helper T-Cells (CD4 cells)
Killer T-cells
2). Phagocytes
Animals have a natural immunity ( born with ability to make anti-bodies
When PATHOGENS enter the body:
Their proteins are foreign to the body
T-Lymphocytes activate the immune response
B-Lymphocytes find the antigens and produce anti-bodies to destroy the invaders
The antibodies make the antigens bundle together or Mark them
The T-Lymphocytes Destroy the Antigens
PHAGOCYTES engulf the pathogens in a process called phagocytosis
This is called active immunity as the body makes the antibodies.
These antibodies will remain in the body even after the organism has recovered so that it need not make more in it comes into contact with the same disease again.
Immunity in Plants
Plants do not have an immune system
therefore, can not fight against an infection caused by a pathogen
They do have some methods to keep Pathogens out
They have mechanical barriers ( waxy cuticle, bark, lignin(woody substance) and suberinin(cork) in cell walls
It secretes irritating juices which prevents insects and animals eating their tissues
Functions of the immune system
To keep pathogens out of the body
to peruse pathogens in the body and destroy them
By means of a process called the immune response
the ability of an organism to resist disease
Passive natural immunity
Is when you received the antibodies from your mother via the placenta or through breast milk.