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Microvascular complications (Neuropathy (nerves) (loss of sensation in…
Microvascular complications
thickening vessels membranes
capillaries
arterioles
more specific to diabetes
Reinopathy (eyes)
damage to retina
most common cause of adult blindness
non proliferative
most common form
partial occlusinon of small blood vessels in retina
cause micro aneurysms develop in capillary walls
walls become weak
capillary fluid leaks out
cause retinal oedema = hard exudates + intra retinal haemorrhages
non proliferative
most severe form
retinal arteries = occluded
body compensates
form new blood vessels supply retina with blood
pathological process
neovascularisation
vessels torn + bleed into vitreous cavity
see black + red spots
prevent light reaching retina
extremely fragile + haemorrhage
partial + complete retinal detachment
macular detatchment = total vision lost
Nephropathy (kidney)
damage small vessels supplying blood to kidneys
most common cause of kidney disease
risk factors
hypertension
genetic predisposition
smoakiing
prolonged hyperglycemia
significantly reduced by controlled BGL
Neuropathy (nerves)
nerve damage occur = metabolic derangement
60 - 70% DM have some degree
loss of sensation in lower extremities
can lead to lower limb amputations
Sensory neuropathy
distal symmetrical polyneuropathy = hands + feet bilaterally effected
Autonomic neuropathy
affect all body systems