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Shock (Hypovolaemic Shock (This is due to reduced preload, Haemorrhagic…
Shock
Hypovolaemic Shock
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Haemorrhagic causes: trauma, GI bleed, AAA dissection
Fluid loss causes: burns, diarrhoea, intestinal obstruction
Presents with tachycardia, sweating, peripheral vasconstriction, hypotension, slow capillary refill time
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Anaphylaxis
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Signs
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Oedema of larynx, lids, tongue, lips
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Treatment
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If wheeze, treat for asthma
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Cardiogenic Shock
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Treatment
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If heart is overfilled, give dobutamine, if underfilled give a plasma expander
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Caused by MI, arrhythmias, pulmonary embolus, tension pneumothorax, cardiac tamponade, myocarditis, aortic dissection, aortic valve failure
Cardiogenic shock is a state of inadequate tissue perfusion due to cardiac dysfunction. Can occur suddenly or after progressively worsening heart failure
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Sepsis
Definition
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Septic Shock = Sepsis in combination with lactate >2mmol/L despite fluid resuscitation OR patient is requiring vasopressors to maintain MAP > 65mmHg
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Investigations
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HR, BP, resp rate, temperature, oxygen sats
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Definition
= Acute circulatory failure with inadequately or inappropriately distributed tissue perfusion resulting in decreased oxygen perfusion to the tissues
Prolonged oxygen deprivation leads to derangement of cell processes leading to cell necrosis, end organ failure and death
Neurogenic
Neurogenic shock arises from spinal cord injury, epidural or spinal anaesthesia