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BACTERIA (Aquificae (oldest branch, Gram - rod, thermophile,…

- - - - cheoorganotrophs
      - photolithotroph
      - chemolithotroph
      - methylotrophs
  - - - hydrothermal vents
      - terrestrial spring
      - ground water
      - limestone caves
      - sulphidic springs
- - - - Lyme disease
      - syphilis
    - - • hindguts of termites
        
        • digestive tracts of mollusks and mammals
        
        • oral cavities of animals
- - - - layered outer membrane similar to Gram-negatives
        
        • L-ornithine in peptidoglycan
        
        • lacks teichoic acid
- - - - • Have chlorosomes
        
        – very efficient light harvesting complexes
        
        – contain accessory photosynthetic pigments
        
        ellipsoidal vesicles attached to plasma membrane
        
        • Thrive in sulfide rich areas
        
        Morphologically diverse
        
        Lack flagella; nonmotile
        • Some have gas vesicles
        
        adjust depth of cell for light/H2S
        
        • Obligate anaerobic photolithoautotrophs
    - - Chlorobium
      - Prosthecochloris
      - Pelodictyon
  - - - – carboxysomes (enzymes for Calvin cycle)
        – cyanophycin (arginine, aspartic acid)
    - - phycocyanin- blue green
      - phycoerythrin- red or brown
      - chromatic adaption
    - - can live thermophilic
      - algae bloom effect
- - - - grow in active geothermal areas
        • marine hydrothermal vents/terrestrial solfataric springs
    - - have functional glycolytic pathway
        – can grow anaerobically on carbohydrate/protein digest
      - 24% of coding sequences similar to archaeal genes
        • may be due to horizontal gene transfer
- - - - anticancer
      - antihelminthic
      - immunosuppressive
    - - in soil
      - important role in mineralization organic matter
      - most free living but few pathogen