age firms less open to hire older workers despite increasing lifespan (SG, Japan) bc of perceptions (stubborn, inflexible, weak & forgetful). but have some protection under Employment & Re-employment Act (2012) in SG, which specifies retirement age (62) & age eligible for re-employment. EV: does not tackle IN THE WORKPLACE issues e.g. promotion, compensation, unlike USA's Age Discrimination in Employment Act.