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Skeletal System and Joints (Typical Long Bone Components (Epiphysis…
Skeletal System and Joints
Typical Long Bone Components
Epiphysis
filled with red bone marrow
Diaphysis
Shaft
Articular Cartilage (Hyaline)
covers epiphysis
Spongy Bone
inside epiphysis
Periosteum
cover everywhere except epiphysis
Compact Bone
inside spongy bone and diaphysis
Medullary Cavity
very middle of diaphysis
Endosteum
surface of the inner bone, thinner connective tissue
Perforating Fibers
secures periosteum to the bone beneath
Nutrient Blood Vessels
produce bone marrow, spongy bone, compact bone
Bone Cells
1.) Osteogenic Stem Cells
Helps the skeleton grow starting in the embryo
2.) Osteoblast
(young) Create bone extracellular matrix which hardens with addition of minerals
3.) Osteocytes
(retired) maintains bone health
4.) Osteoclast
Mulinucleate, formed from leukocytes, breakdown bone tissue, moblie
Fibrous Joint
suture, syndesmosis, gomphoses
immovable, no joint cavity
Very short interconnecting tissue made up of fibrous tissue, mostly dense regular connective tissue
Cartilaginous Joints
Joined my cartilage like hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage
synchondroses, symphyses
immoveable or slightly moveable, no joint cavity
Synovial Joint
articular cartilage- hyaline
joint capsule
Outer: dense irregular connective tissue > continuous with peristeum
Inner: areolar connective tissue > synovial membrane >produces synovial fluid > fills joint cavity