Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Ulcerative colitis (UL-sur-uh-tiv koe-LIE-tis) is an inflammatory bowel…
Ulcerative colitis (UL-sur-uh-tiv koe-LIE-tis) is an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes long-lasting inflammation and ulcers (sores) in your digestive tract. it can be very severe in the acute stage, even life threatening. Ulcerative colitis affects the innermost lining of your large intestine (colon) and rectum.
Diagnosis
-
-
-
Stool sample
Check for WBC's in stool, Infection, hemacult rectal swab for screening
-
Types
Doctors often classify ulcerative colitis according to its location. Types of ulcerative colitis include:
Ulcerative proctitis. Inflammation is confined to the area closest to the anus (rectum), and rectal bleeding may be the only sign of the disease. This form of ulcerative colitis tends to be the mildest.
Proctosigmoiditis. Inflammation involves the rectum and sigmoid colon (lower end of the colon). Signs and symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramps and pain, and an inability to move the bowels in spite of the urge to do so (tenesmus).
Left-sided colitis. Inflammation extends from the rectum up through the sigmoid and descending colon. Signs and symptoms include bloody diarrhea, abdominal cramping and pain on the left side, and unintended weight loss.
Pancolitis. Pancolitis often affects the entire colon and causes bouts of bloody diarrhea that may be severe, abdominal cramps and pain, fatigue, and significant weight loss.
Acute severe ulcerative colitis. This rare form of colitis affects the entire colon and causes severe pain, profuse diarrhea, bleeding, fever and inability to eat.
Signs and Symptoms
Ulcerative colitis symptoms can vary, depending on the severity of inflammation and where it occurs.
Diarrhea, often with blood or pus
-
-
-
Urgency to defecate, bowel movements become looser and more urgent
-
-
-
-
In children, failure to grow
Risk factors (-)
Ethnicity, Increased incidence in Caucasions
Ashkenazi Jewish descent, your risk is even higher.,
-
-
-
-
-
Factors thought to cause ulcerative colitis include a complex interaction of genetics, immune response, and environmental triggers.
ulcerative colitis is currently thought to be an autoimmune, or an immune-mediated, condition.
Smoking
Smoking
Ulcerative colitis is sometimes called a “disease of non-smokers.” there is a preponderance in people who have never smoked, second hand smoke is also a trigger.
-
Antibiotics
Antibiotics
Antibiotics have been shown to precipitate flare-ups of the disease for some people. Some research has shown that antibiotics, especially when taken for a long period (such as 30 days) of time or used in young people, is associated with a higher risk of developing a form of IBD.
-
Geographic Location
Geographic Location
Ulcerative colitis tends to occur in people who live in northern climates and in cities.
Personality type
Is it anxiety associated with the disease or does the disease create anxiety about having to use the bathroom all the time ? .
-
Prognosis (+)
The prognosis varies depending on the severity of UC. Individuals with mild UC/proctitis have a very good prognosis, and only 5–10% will go on to develop a more severe form of the disease.
66% of people do well with
medications, and of those 80% who take their medicine correctly, as prescribed by the doctor, remain symptom free.
colectomy, (partial colectomy) or all (total colectomy) Up to one third of patients will require such surgery after 20 years of UC.
The life expectancy is the same as everyone else, increased risk of colorectal cancer with the severity and duration of the disease. the longer you have it the greater change of colon cancer :
The following risk factors have been identified for the development of colorectal cancer in individuals with UC:
-
-
-
-
-
-
Medications
Corticosteroids. These drugs, which include prednisone and hydrocortisone, are generally reserved for moderate to severe ulcerative colitis that doesn't respond to other treatments.
Immune system suppressors
These drugs also reduce inflammation, but they do so by suppressing the immune system response that starts the process of inflammation. ( - )
Azathioprine (Azasan, Imuran) and mercaptopurine (Purinethol, Purixan). These are the most widely used immunosuppressants for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
Cyclosporine (Gengraf, Neoral, Sandimmune). This drug is normally reserved for people who haven't responded well to other medications. Cyclosporine has the potential for serious side effects and is not for long-term use.
Infliximab (Remicade), adalimumab (Humira) and golimumab (Simponi). These drugs, called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, or biologics, work by neutralizing a protein produced by your immune system. They are for people with severe ulcerative colitis who don't respond to or can't tolerate other treatments.
Vedolizumab (Entyvio). This medication was recently approved for treatment of ulcerative colitis for people who don't respond to or can't tolerate other treatments. It works by blocking inflammatory cells from getting to the site of inflammation.
5-aminosalicylates. Examples of this type of medication include sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), mesalamine (Asacol HD, Delzicol, others), balsalazide (Colazal) and olsalazine (Dipentum).
-
-
Sources:
-
Treca, A. (2018, August 15) Ulcerative Colitis: Causes and Risk factors, retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com, ulcerative colitis-causes-and-risk-factors-4164459
-
-
Ulcerative Colitis can be a debilitating disease. An ACUTE EPOSIDE CAN BE DEBILITATING. With successful treatment through medication and self care and by following a diet that is cohesive to you . UC can be placed in remission and you may not have any symptoms if you follow your regimen.