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Skeletal system & Joints (Components of typical long bone (Periosteum,…
Skeletal system & Joints
Components of typical long bone
Periosteum
Outer layer
Dense irregular connective tissue
Inner layer
Osteogenic tissue
Can generate new bone
Protects attachment place for tendons and ligaments
Perforating fibers
Connects perisoleum to compact bone
Also apart of periosteum
Spongy bone
Compact bone
Articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
Medullary cavity (marrow cavity)
Diaphysis
Shaft
Endosteum
Epipysis
End of long bones
Blood vessels/ nutrient blood vessels
Types of bone cells
Osteoblast
Creates bone extracellular matrix
Hardens with addition of minerals
Osteocytes
Maintaining bone health
Osteogenic stem cells
Endosteum
Periosteum
Stem
Osteoblast
Osteoclast
Multinucleate
Formed from several leukocytes
Found in endosteum & periosteum
Microvilli
Secretes enzymes that break down bone tissue
Liberate
Free calcium & phosphorus into blood stream
Organic is taken up by osteoclast
Broken down inside of cell
Fibrous joints
Syndesmosis
Dense irregular connective tissue
Distal tibiofibular joint
Little to no movement
Gomphoses
Where tooth meets
Manible/Maxillae
Peridontal ligaments
Immoveable!
Suture
In skull only
NO movement!
Frontanelles (soft spots on babies heads)
Structural components of a synovial joint
Temporomandibular joint
Extra cartilage to divide the joint cavity
Provides more movement
Bursa(e)
Fiberous sac
Filled with synovial fluid
It rolls
Found between skin and bone, muscle and bone, ligament and bone, tendon and bone
Menisci
Cushion
Deepens the joint
Makes bones fit together better
Composed of fibrocartilage
Joint capsule
Inner
Areolar connective tissue
Synovial membrane
Produces/secretes synovial fluid & fills joint cavity
Fluid is slippery
Reduces friction
Nourishes articular cartilage
Fills joint cavity
Outer
Dense irregular connective tissue
Continous with periosteum
Tendon sheath
Wraps around tendons
Like a "hot dog bun" around a hot dog
Located in various places
In wrists and ankles
Cartilaginous joints
Symphases
Pubic symphasis
Intervertebral joints
Slightly moveable
Synchondroses
Made with cartilage
Epiphyseal plate
Connecting 1st rib & manubrium
Hyaline cartilage
Immoveable
Lindsay Leier