Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Chow_Kaitlyn_Block2_MM9 (diseases (Tay Sachs (brains cells can't…
Chow_Kaitlyn_Block2_MM9
phenotype
organism's physical traits
law of independent assortment (Mendel's second law of inheritance)
monohybrids
heterozygous for one trait
cross between 2 heterozygous
dihybrids
F1 generation
heterozygous
each pair of alleles segregates independent from other parts of the allele during gamete formation
quantitative characteristics
hard to group bc of wide variations in a pop
polygenic inheritance
additive of 2+ genes on a phenotype character
Law of segregation (Mendel's 1st Law of inheritance)
true breeding
F2 generation
homozygous dominant
25%
homozygous recessive
25%
parent generation
test cross
to determine the genotype
hybridization
F1 generation
heterozygous (100%)
F2 generation
heterozygous (50%)
diseases
Tay Sachs
brains cells can't metabolize some lipids bc an enzyme doesn't work correctly
recessive disease(needs both to get the disease)
pleiotropy
cystic fibrosis and sickle cell
epistasis
gene changes the phenotype expression at second locus
hemophilia
sex linked
Down syndrome
chromosomal; trisomy
dominance
complete dominance
one allele physically shown over the other
codominance
two allele are physically shown separately
incomplete dominance
two alleles are shown physically together
abnormal chromosome numbers
aneuploidy
abnormal number of chromosomes
trisomic
triplet chromosome (2n+1)
nondisjunction
pair of homologous chromosome don't separate during meiosis 2
monosomic
chromosome is missing (2n-1)
polyploidy
three of four chromosome sets
chromosome theory of inheritance
Mendelian genes has a specific loci on chromosomes and that go thru segregation and idepend assortment
linked genes
genes on the same chromosome that can be inherited together in crosses
crossing over
recombinant of linked genes
physically linked/genetically unlinked
alleles assorted independently
sex linked
usually involving the x chromosome
genetic recombination
production of offspring with combo of traits dif than those in the parents
recombinant(recombinant types)
parental types
half of offsprings are expected to have one of the parent's phenotypes
genetic map
linkage map
map of recombinant frequencies of three genes
done in map units (mu)
list of genetic loci along a chromosome
genotype
genetic makeup
alterations in the structure
deletion
duplication
inversion
chromosomal fragment that reattaches to the original chromosome in the opposite way
translocation
when there's a chromosomal breakage, the fragment joins a non homologous chromosome
methods to test genotype
punnet square
test square
pedigree
carriers (heterozygous)