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B2 (Mitosis (Replication (1) DNA unzips by helicase (enzyme), 2) Free…

- - - - Thick outer wall (high pressure)
      - Small lumen
      - Smooth lining
      - Carry blood away from heart
    - - Thin outer wal
      - Large lumen
      - Smooth lining
      - Carry blood to heart
      - Valves stop blood flowing wrong way
    - - Very small lumen
      - One cell thick walls
  - - - 2) Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, semilunar valve
      - 3) Pulmonary artery takes blood to lungs
      - 1) Vena cava brings deoxygenated blood
    - - 4) Pulmonary vein brings oxygenated blood from lungs
      - 5) Left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, semilunar valve
      - 6) Aorta carries blood to rest of body
  - - - Carry oxygen
      - Fit through capillary one cell at a time
    - - Straw-coloured
      - 90% is water
      - Transports materials
- - - - Water moves into cell
      - Turgor pressure increases
      - Cell becomes turgid
    - - No net movement of water
      - Cell remains same
    - - Cell loses water
      - Cell becomes flaccid and membrane peels away
      - Plasmolysed cell
  - - - Cell takes in water, swells
      - May burst, this is lysis
    - - No net movement
    - - Loses water
      - Becomes crenated (wrinkly)
- - - - Embryonic stem cells
        
        Found in embryos
        
        Can form all cell types
      - Adult stem cells
        
        Found in brain, bones, skin
        
        Can only form some cells types
        
        Act as repair mechanism
    - - Stem cells found in meristems
      - Meristems grow throughout the plant's life
      - Shoot/root tips & stem are meristems
      - Thin walls, small vacuoles, no chloroplasts
- - - - Xylem on top
      - Network supports softer leaf tissue
    - - Xylem on inside
      - Around outer edge to provide strength
    - - Xylem in middle
      - At centre to anchor plant