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The USA- A Patchwork Nation (--> colonized by Britain, France and Spain…

- - - - 1850s - early 1900s
        --> Scandinavians, Italians, Irish (being poor)
        --> Eastern European/Russian Jews (being prosecuted)
        --> Ellis Island, NY
        -they see the Statue of liberty --> represents freedom
        --> "The American Dream" --> work hard, you will succeed
        -Earlyer days; Melting pot --> mixed together
        Today: Salad Bowl --> staying as individuals living together, taking care of their cultural diversity
- - - - -freedom: political, religious, economic, personal liberty
        -cultural belief in the individuals rights and inherent freedom to accomplish anything
        -image of "the self-made man" is important
        --> if you are self-reliant and hard working you will succeed
        -legendary stories of the rise of poor men and women
        --> John D. Rockefeller, Oprah Winfrey and Lebron James
- - - - Dutch origin:
        -Broadway (de Brede Weg)
        -Wall Street (Walstraat)
        --> changed by the British when they took control
- - - - -strong moral and social values is still present
        -the area´s religious intensity has faded
        -known for support of Democratic Party
        -liberal attitudes where contemporary issues are concerned
        -in favor of federal government spending, against capital punishment and lenient (mild) gun laws
        -many Scandinavians settled on the western parts
- - - - -Southern hospitality is well known - strong familyvalues
        -Voting for Republican Party
        -Identify them self as Christian
        -Deep South´s Mississippi River delta is source for the Blues
        --> slavery, the pain of lost love and injustice
        -also influenced jazz and rock and roll
        
        -Recent time
        --> undergoing a change with a shift in population: Hispanic and Spanish-speaking communities growing
        --> An upturn economically; manufacturers relocating because of cheap operation cost, lower wages and weak labor unions
- - - - -Strong sense of religion
        --> supporting issues as school prayer and efforts to ban abortion
        -Appalachia well known as a source of "roots" and folk music
        -Nashville, Tennessee, "capital" of country music
        -Bluegrass originated in Kentucky and the Virginias
- - - - -a major role in information technology
        -Silicon Valley: Google, Apple, Amazon
        -Portland: "Silicon Forest"
        -Seattle: home of Bill Gates and Microsoft
        -the region reflects values like individualism, idealism and "can-do" attitude
- - - - In the Constitution --> no equality between white and blacks, 1 Slave = 3/5 person
        1863 --> Emancipation Proclamation - statement against slavery
        --> Gave the Union a unifying cause
        Had to change the constitution:
        --> 13th Amendment: abolish slavery/ involuntary servitude
        *exept if convicted of a crime (chain gang)
        --> 14th: gave citizenship to all persons born in the US/ equal protection under the law
        --> 15th: black men right to vote
        --> lots of African Americans arrested for small crimes- provide labour
        
        -1915: the film Birth of a Nation - criminalize black men- raping white women
        -fuelled racism "blacks are dangerous"
        --> KKK saves the day
        -Jim Crow-laws leads to Segregation- "Separate but equal"
        --> separation on busses, schools, restaurants --> ends in 1964
        
        The beginning of the Civil rights movement
        Rosa Parks: did not give up her seat for a white man
        --> arrested her
        --> led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott - the busses struggle to keep operating
        --> Supreme Court ruled Segragated seating unconstitutional
        --> Brown vs. Board of education --> desegregated public schools
        --> Little Rock 9 - federal troops escorted 9 blacks to school every day
        -Civil Rights Act 1957 - prosecuting any prevention of voting
        literacy test --> difficult test for anyone
        
        1963 --> March on Washington
        -Martin Luther King - delivers the speech "I have a dream"
        -Civil rights Act 1964
        --> equal employment (against discrimination), but still limited literacy tests, allowed the federal gou´t?? to ensure integration
        -March from Selma to Montgomery (a non-violent civil protest) - getting beaten by the police, highly public
        --> Voting Rights Act 1965 --> took away all literacy tests
        
        70s: Rise in Crime Rates
        --> Nixon: launches "the War on Drugs"
        --> Reagan: Cocaine --> smoking Crack cheeper--> higher punishments and laws than powder cocaine
        --> poor and Black Americans where users
        Bill Clinton??: Minimum Penalties --> taking the assessment away from the judges
        --> in the hands of the Prosecutor
        --> more people in prison
        -2012: Trayvon Martin: Stand your ground law
        --> George Zimmerman shoots Trayvon, claiming self defense
        After: Black Americans being shot by Police
        --> "Black lives matter"
        --> still not being treated like equals, Police have the same ideology as in Birth of a nation
        
        5 % in America in prison --> 40 % of criminals in all the world
        -Private Prisons --> more people in prison
        You can make bail --> if poor you will stay in jail until the trial when you can not make bail
        --> Rikers Island - Kalief Browder- committing suicide
        -0 rehabilitation in prison
        -A cycle where you will not get jobs, student loans, and end up in jail
        -Colin Kaepernick NFL--> kneels during the national anthem to protest against injustice
        -"disrespecting the flag and America"
      - In Dept Study:
        Problems in the justice systems in USA
        Comparing USA to Norge -justicesystem
        Social inecuality --> rich taking care of the rich
        -Roe VS Wade- abortion
- - - - He is criminalizing undocumented immigrants in the same way as slavery, which leads to extreme discrimination
        seperating children from the families --> detention senters