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Hedging and Criticising (Hedging (Meaning: anticipating possible…
Hedging and Criticising
Hedging
Meaning: anticipating possible opposition by your referees and readers by not saying things too assertively or directly
use phrases: we believe, as far as we know / to the best of our knowledge, a possible conclusion would be etc.
use modal verbs: "would", "may"
verbs: appear, suggest, seem
adjectives or adverbs: generally, possible, likeable
Toning down
toning down adjectives
innovation: innovative, novel, cutting edge, seminal, pivotal
importance: extremely important, very significant, of central / vital / fundamental
certainty: clear(ly), obvious(ly), evident(ly), conclusive(ly), definite(ly), undeniable
add: particulary, generally, somewhat, to a certain extent, relatively, and essentially, probably, likely, and possibly
tone down claims
use
quite (reasonably, sufficiently, adequately, satisfactorily, suitablyappropriately)
surprisingly, remarkably, unexpectedly
Use the adverb significantly wisely (statistical results)
partially, in part, to some extent, to a certain extent
toning down verbs like: is, equals, demonstrates, proves, manifests, means - add "would" or "may"
Toning down the level of probability
modal verbs: should, may, might, could
The likelihood, possibility / probability of ... is ...%
It appears possible / probable / feasible that x = y.
X could possibly / conceivably / plausibly / ostensibly play a role in Y.
add alternative interpretations
Of course, the opposite may also be possible.
Other factors besides ... could be involved, such as...
We do not know the exact reasons for the...