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Industrial Revolution (Inventions (Britain (Spinning Jenny (Hand powered…
Industrial Revolution
Inventions
Britain
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Railroad
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Need to transfer raw materials, foods, and manufactured goods in a chep way
Factories were able to flourish and thousands of jobs were created. Trade and production improved as well
USA
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Eletric Lightbulb
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Large factories could be illuminated, extending shifts and increasing manufactuaring output
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Farming
Enclosure System
Farmers shifted to this system from an open-field system because the open-field system did not produce enough food for the entire population.
An enclosure system is a system used during the Industrial Revolution. In this system, farmers would enclose their land, and plant crops that could be sold to gain profit.
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Crop Rotation
Crop rotation changed in the Agricultural Revolution in comparison to earlier because before crop rotation the nutrient levels of the field would go down as years went by, and with the crop rotation and with clover and turnips (added by Townshend) the soil was filled with more nutrients because these crops replaced the nutrients into the soil.
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Industrialization
Manchester
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Manchester is used as a general case study of the Industrial Revolution because rapid growth made the city crowded and filthy. Factory owners risked their money and worked long hours to make their businesses grown. In return, they had huge profits. Coal smoke and cloth dyes polluted the air and water. But many jobs, a variety of consumer goods and great wealth were created in Manchester.
City Growth
Industrialization contributed to city growth because factories were all located in cities, so most people who lived in countryside had to move to urban areas to they could find work.
During industrialization the middle class grew in size and some middle class became wealtheir than the nobles who dominated society. The middle class improved their lives in the new economy of the industrialization.
Urbanization is the process of growth of an urban area. During the Industrial Revolution this happened because people in the countryside began to move to the cities (urban areas) to look for jobs.
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Importance of Reform
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Literature
Oliver Twist
Oliver Twist feautures an orphan boy that is raised in a workhouse, where he lives with thieves and has to work as a child.
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