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C6 Organic Chemistry (Fermentation (Ethanol can be made for alcohol and…
C6 Organic Chemistry
Fermentation
Ethanol can be made for alcohol and fuel by fermentation and concentrated with fractional distillation
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Yeast, single celled fungus, provides the enzymes needed for fermentation
Conditions: sugars dissolved in water mixed with yeast, air lock stopping CO2 out and no air in, 25-35°C
Yeast dies at ethanol concentration of 15%, is slow and takes several days or weeks to finish
If air is present then the oxygen causes the ethanol to oxide to ethnic acid, the drink will taste of vinegar
Alkenes
Homologous series - Organic compounds that have the same functional group and similar chemical properties
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C=C bond is the alkene functional group, responsible for the typical reactions of alkenes
Functional group - Atom or group of atoms that determines the main chemical properties of an organic compound
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Alkene reactions
Alkenes undergo combustion but are less likely to completely combust, they burn in air with a smoky flame
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Alcohol
Homologous series - Organic compounds that have the same functional group and similar chemical properties
-OH hydroxyl functional group, responsible for typical reactions of alcohols
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Methanol is a chemical feedstock (versatile chemical utilised in the chemical industry to make a variety of products)
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Alcohol reactions
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Incomplete combustion occurs with less oxygen, producing water and carbon monoxide or carbon
Sodium + ethanol -> sodium ethoxide + hydrogen, methanol, propanol and butanol follow this too
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