Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Perón(Blessing) & Vargas(Alejandro) Comparison (Peron (Rise (1945…
Perón(Blessing) & Vargas(Alejandro) Comparison
Peron
Consolidation
He''s views included ultra-nationalistic statements . Appealing to the people most of the time.
His ideas included anti foreign sentiment to approved of middle class, who approved of Argentine's nationalism.
He was a populist leader. He impassioned radio and balcony speeches using Argentine slang and popular phrases.
He courted the Catholic Church and campaigned for religion classes in public schools, another source of appeal for part of middle class in Argentina.
Peron made it his obligation to represent the common people,
and the workers through the idea of social justice.
Eva Peron(Helped him with ideas and concepts). She advocated for social policies that helped the descamisados. She set up foundations for the poor. Built hospitals and housing. Received voluntarily % from the workers. She enhanced woman suffrage.(Which helped his election to grow drastically throughout the process).
Peron exercised authoritarian ideas to contain mobilization and to increase profitability for the country.
Fall
Only when nay revolted in opposition 1955 Peron recognized he went too far. He resigned and left for exile fin Spain.
Treasury ran out of money accumulated during WW2 selling beef to belligerents. With Peron's unabashed privileging of industry, agriculture products had decreased. Farmers began to go against his government.
After his wife's death, he began to go against the Catholic Church. (causing people to make him lose his value and intentions towards them in total.)
Industry required foreign trial machinery. (was too costly). workers raised and decreased treasury. (Inflation grew). B/c of it : Peron began to court foreign investors to generate funds. (Due to these ideas going against his ideas. Oppostion began to grow drastically).
Rise
1945:Peron became the Vice president hired by General Juan Farrell.
He stood up for workers by controlling union leaders. He established courts, social security benefits for factory and railroad workers. This way he can gain support from them, A.K.A PERONISTAS)
1943:they had emerged power to establish military regime. He held post as army secretary, minister of labor and war minister.
Oct 1945: Farrell and Peron gov came to an end. Peron was allowed 1 last impassioned speech on radio.
He was apart of the
GOU
. (Grupo de oficiales).
He resigned from the army and formed labor party. He ran for President through idea of social justice.
Peron was elected President in 1946. He's election was fair. He was re-elected in 52. lasted until 55. (he left the country). He returns 17 years later. from exile in Spain. Peron ran again in 72 while he died in 1974.
Peron included the idea of
corporatism
as his main concept.
Political Policies
Paid back their debts to Britain publicly for railways. French: $45 million Britain: $600 million.
Peron separated socialists and communists who had lost workers support as union leaders.
Peron used propaganda to support his business. ( celebration of 131st anniversary of independence in 1947
Between 46-52:Peron focused on improving workers status while promotes Argentine industry was
1946: Peron ran against Radical party. who had support of oligarchy allied with a part of middle class. (landed oligarchy saw burgeoning power of the workers as a threat.
His 2nd term, world economic trends, internal affairs .Culminating in Peron's exile in 1955 (Spain)
Re-elected in 72 after his return but was too old so he died.
Treatment of Opposition
he censored press, controlled universities , stopped student demonstrations.(judiciary by appointing peasants).
He co-opted support of reluctant or even opposing industrialists by handing out or withholding government. contracts, credit.
Peron's government became authoritarian, didn't take any opposition.
Peron:(PERSONALITY CULT) felt secured enough to repress opponents . Done through use of secret police, who produced detainees and used torture to weaken perceived enemies of Peron. (Workers began to go against him especially when wages got frozen.
Vargas
Consolidation
Estado Novo: Fascist ideas
Constitutionalist Revolutionists advocated for a new constitution
Neutralized military groups who were a threat to him
As more Vargas opposition groups emerged, he began to crack down on them. He suspended the new constitution he rewrote and elections were postponed them until 1945. (1943)
Nationalism was represented through large construction projects which showed Brazil's greatness
Communist party targeted, press was censored and "enemy aliens" were apprehended during WWII
Hatred towards foreigners as they could not own land. (1934)
Policies/Actions
Suspended the new constitution and rewrote it. (1933-1934)
Controlled interstate taxation, which previously enriched the state
Raised low salaries by 100% to garner support (1950)
Voting age lowered from 18 to 21 (1932)
Workers were given the right to strike (1934)
Maintained the economy by selling resources to the Axis and Allied powers. By 1942, Vargas decided to side with the Allied powers (1942)
During industrialization, coffee tariffs stimulated the economy, while giving privilege to petroleum, hydroelectric power and engine companies. (1930s)
Brazil declares war on Axis powers, making the U.S. closer to Brazil, allowing the Brazilian economy to boom. (1942)
Vargas creates Petrobrás, a state owned oil works. As well as Electrobras, a state owned power generator and distributor. (1950)
Constitution rewritten and modernized after accused of being an authoritarian, which included woman's suffrage. (1933)
Using the clash between fascists and communists as a reason, he suspended the constitution and dealt with both groups, especially the communists. In the new constitution, Vargas was given absolute power, he also eliminated political parties and labour unions. (1937)
Communist party outlawed after the cold war spawned communist support in other countries. (1947)
Vargas elected president by legitimate means (1950)
Fall
Vargas blames foreign investors for the $250 million debt. Afterwards, the military orders that he resigns or be deposed. He blamed others for the inflation that he caused. (1954)
Vargas commits suicide and leaves a note, claiming that he was heroic, and that he will enter his troy after his death.
Economic ties between the US and Brazil were broken after the Eisenhower administration decided that the Vargas government had not created a proper climate for private investment.
Prices rise and minimum wage rises to compensate. (1951) Minimum wage kept rising as workers continued to demand. (1953)
Rise
Fought for the people:
Working conditions included: malnutrition, disease and short lifespan
Pressured by workers to improve conditions and minimum wages
Pressured by women to support their cause
Advocated for high tariffs to protect Brazilian industrialization
Fought against the Brazilian communist group and the elite
Vargas appointed finance minister by President Washington Luis (1926)
Led an armed struggle against the government
Vargas overthrows the Washington Luis government after he was denied presidency (1930)
During the Great Depression, balance of country payments were poorly managed, citizens did not approve and military officials plotted to bring down Luis (1929)
Luis removed and Vargas installed in government (1930)
Wins Rio Grande do Sul gubernational race as no one ran against him (1928)
Economic policies
Peron's 5 year plan for economic independence focused on foreigners and social justice for lower class.
Peron fought to win infulence with industrailists, with high tariffs to protect their products and awarding them luctrative governemnt contracts to Argentine industries
Peron increased manufacturing oil and mining in his country. (He fullfilled all his promises)
Between 1945- 1948: manufacturing in Argentina increasing by 50% (industrial employment rose by 30%).