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Hardware and operating systems (Computer language and function (ASCII…
Hardware and operating
systems
Computer language and function
The smallest unit of information that we can store on 4 computer is called a bit (b), which is an abbreviation for binaty digit.
Kebibyte - KiB Mebybite-MiB Gigibyte-GiB Tebibyte- TiB
ASCII
(the American Standard Code for information interchage) uses 7 bits to store up to 128 different charecters
We give a code to each letter in the alphabet
Computer functions
We use the name hardware for phisical components of the computer system that we can touch and move, like the keyboard an mouse.
Software or programs refer to the data and the instructions we use
lmput of data using peripherial devices
Storing data using storage devices
Output of data using periphrial devices
Processing data in the central central prorcssing unit (CPU), using the micropocesor and the memory.
Computer elements
Microprocessor
Computer history is very closely Imked to the develoment of intergrated circuits or chips.
The clock ratesets
the pace at which proccesses are compeated
Today's microproesors can process 64 bits at a time
A m icroproccessors power also depends on n its cache memory and the speed at which it communicatess with the RAM
Memory and units of storage
RAM
The computers main memory is its RAM
Cache memory
Thc cache memory stores the data that the microprocesor uses more often
ROM BIOS
W'hen you turn on your computer, it autommtically checks the system
Storage devices
We use data storage units to permanently save this data
Optical discs
Solid-state memory
Magnetic disks
Motherboard and connecting devices
lnide the computer you' ll find a large board ; we call it mothearboard.
The IDE or ATA connectors
connect theh ard disk
The chipset is a number of integrated circuits designed to perform related functions.
Slots thar can be used to expaned i or add new components
Various Input / output ports
Connecting external devices
We can physicaly connect devices to the computer in different ways.
Asistente para arreglar hardware
Using the external ports on the side or back of the computer
Using an expansion plot on the motherboard
Gestor de dispositivos
By special connectors on the motherboard
Informe sobre nuevos dispositivos
Administrador de dispositivos
Software and operating system
Types of spftware
Operating system
Applications
Presentations
Database management tools
Spreeadsheets
Programming languages
Word processors
RAM