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Unit I: Industrialization
indust (Social Developments-"the…
Unit I: Industrialization
Social Developments-"the difference of how social/ emotion have changed depending on the amount of experience or memories they are given"
"Factory culture":
-stereotype of factory owner
-capitalist/Europe's Wealth elites
-upstairs/downstairs life
-private charities:soup kitchen
-overcrowded & pollution
Reform Movements - IR shifted the balance of power in the world
- Increase in wealth/power in Industrial Countries
-Decrease in wealth/power in non-industrial Countries
Industrial Reform Movement- a group of activist, who wanted to correct some of the "bad" effects of IR
Main Goal- make society better for the poor working class ->influenced by the Enlightenment
Economic Developments-"the progress in an economy or an adoption of new technologies, transition from agriculture-based to industry-based economy, and general improvement in living standards"
1760's - 1850's ->
-Hand to machine
-mass production of textiles
-Power Source:
-water,coal, and steam
New inventions included:
-Spinning Jenny
-Water frame
-Spitting Mule
-Cotton Gin
1760's- 1850's continued -> Results: Child labor, pollution, and poor working conditions
1850's-1910's -increased automation -steel(bessemer process)
-petroleum & electricity
-internal combustion inventions
-automobile
-chemicals
-railroads
-telegraph, telephone, and radio
1850's-1910's*-> Results: Still bad, but are improving (sewers, sanitation, social reform)
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Before Industrial Revolution -8 out of 10 worked in countryside
-Cottage Industries
-factories rarely employed more than 50 people
-Handmade items included buttons, needles, cloth, etc.
-Developing towns including Liverpool,Glasgow
Political Developments-
"the increased differentiation and specialization of political structures and the increased secularization of political culture"
What was the Enlightenment? (The Age of Reason) -definition: higher understanding of a particular idea
-was an intellectual movement in Europe during the mid-to- late 1700's
-> changing ideas of government & society
Major themes of the Enlightenment: -Reason:logical thinking
-Progress:faith in science
-Liberty: individual freedoms
Goodness: man by nature is good
-Individualism: one person can make a difference
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The Start of Enlightenment
-grew out of turmoil of Europe following the rise of the absolute monarchs
-people were questioning long-held truths
divine right
religion
*science
- personal freedoms
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