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Urinary system (Lecture 1 (bladder (muscular sac the lies behind the…
Urinary system
Lecture 1
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contains 2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder and urethra
Kidney
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located on either side of the vertebral columns, behind the upper part of the abdominal cavity, and separated fro,m this cavity by the eperitoneum
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Hilum
a notches or indented area through which the ureter, nerves, blood vessels, and lymph vessels leave and enter the kidney
nephrons
these are microscopic filtering units located in the kidneys. There is over one million nephrons per kidney
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bladder
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lines with mucus membranes in a series of folds called rugae. This rague disappears as the bladder fills with urine
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urine
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urea, uric acid, creatinine : , mineral salts, various pigments
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lecture 2
Pyelonephritis
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symptoms are chills, fever, back pain, ect.
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kidney stones
renal cavity or urinary calculus is a kidney stone. Formed when salt in the urine precipitate. Some can be eliminated through urine
symptoms- pain sudden and intense crematoria, nausea, vomiting, frequent urge to urinate, ect.
treatment is to increase fluids, provide pain meds, strain all urine, ect.
kidney failure
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can be caused by hemorrhage, shock, injury, poisoning, ect.
treatments are restricted fluid intake, correction of the condition causing renal failure
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Uremia
also called azotenia is a toxic condition that occurs when the kidneys fail and urinary waste products are present in the blood stream
symptoms are headache, dizziness odor of breath, metal confusion, ect.
treatments are restricted diets, cardiac meds, kidney transplants, ect.
urethritis
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painful urination, frequently, pus drainage, ect.
treatments are sitz bath, warm moist compresses, antibiotics, ect.