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14 Categories Disabilities (Visual Impairments including [Blindness] Low…
14 Categories Disabilities
Orthopedic Impairments Low Incidence 1.1%
Special seating arrangements to develop useful posture and movements
Instruction focused on development of gross and fine motor skills
Securing suitable augmentative communication and other assistive devices
Awareness of medical condition and its affect on the student (such as getting tired quickly)
Assistive Technology
canes
walkers
rutches
wheelchairs
specialized exercise equipment
specialized chairs, desks, and tables for proper posture development
Mental Impairment
Low Incidence (1%)
:star: Learning Strategy Pro Tip: Teach one step at a time to support memorization and sequencing
Stimuli Controls
Reduce clutter, reduce background and interruptive noises, limit field of view, and limit options to assist with focus.
Alternative input
Use alternative input software depending on the user's ability to express themselves.
Watch: Assistive Technology in Action
Time Management Tools
Use reminder devices and sequencing software with visual aids to remind students of tasks in a contextual format.
Tracking and identification
Use software such as Wayfinder to assist student in traveling by bus or train and communicating en route.
Memory Aids
Use a recorder so information can be accessed at a later time. Use sentence completion software to aid in word recall.
Deaf-Blindness
Low Incidence (>.1%)
Assistive Technologies
Pac Mate Omni:
A portable computer with built-in JAWS to provide speech or Braille access to Windowsapplications for people who are blind
Braille Notetaker:
Replicates the functionality of a smartphone but in braille.
Cochlear Implants:
A surgically implanted hearing device.
Deaf Blind Communicator:
Allows deaf blind person to have a real time conversation by translating texts into braille.
[Read more about the DBC
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8183838.stm
]
Learning Strategies
Consider the use all any of the five senses to help the student learn.
Respect the student’s use of touch as his hands may be the link to everything and
everybody
Make use of the student’s usable hearing and vision. Know what the student can and
cannot hear or see and how that changes in different environments.
Give immediate feedback to the student’s actions and attempts to communicate,
including reinforcing success and giving strategies to make them more successful.
Visual Impairments including [Blindness]
Low Incidence (1.2%)
Assistive Technology
Computer magnifyers allow screens to be magnified by simply enlarging the font size or using magnification software
Electronic Magnification enable users to view a screen with color contrast and print size options
Tech devices allow blind students access and produce braille
Optical devices for distance viewing
Electronic telescopes allow students to view distant images
Auditory-based technology allows students to record a lesson to review later, use a talking calculator or convert text to braille
Direct lighting on :reading materials
Enlarged reading materials :
Use of magnifying tools
Use of bold lined paper, writing guides and low vision pens
Reduce glare
Use of visual aids/resources that have been prescribed to them
Print materials that are clear and dark
Increase oral activities
Watch :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dPC_--R-Ma0
Hearing Impairments Low Incidence 1.2%
Eliminate the extra noise in the classroom.
Face the student and have their attention before speaking.
Put chairs in circle, make sure the students can see the teacher and their classmates's mouth when they are speaking.
Write all information on the board, make sure students always know what they suppose to do.
Assistive Technology
Hearing Aids and Auditory Training Devices Computers
Alerting Devices Captioning Telecommunication Devices Cochlear Implants
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2EfxREKmsA&t=4s
Developmental Delay
Low Incidence (1.4%)
Learning Strategies
Break down tasks into smaller steps
Repeat instructions or directions frequently.
Speak more slowly and frequently pause, so students can process your words.
Set a routine so students know what to expect
Assistive Technology
FM system:
When there are a lot of different sounds in the classroom, students may become overwhelmed and become difficult for them to understand and process the information being taught. FM systems can help by connecting the students and teacher in an audible way.
Text to Speech Software
:
Some student might need more help communicating what they need and asking questions that they have during class. Text to speech software help students have more control of what they need to say.
Audio Books:
Many students fall behind in literacy and reading. Audiobooks make reading more accessible to students who struggle to make sense of the words.
Reading Pen
:
Useful for older students who like to work independently.
Autism Spectrum Disorders: Low Incidence (9%)
:warning: Learning Strategy Pro Tip: Create a less stimulating environment in the classroom
Sequencing
Use app to practice sequencing skills w/images
Fine Motor Skills
Use touch screen technology to assist with handwriting
Sound Sensitivities
Use software to lower audio to appropriate level
Visual Thinkers:
Use technology to show images to maintain attention
Non-speaking
Use voice output device to assist communication from student
Watch: Communication Apps for nonverbal autism
Deafness
Low Incidence (<0.1%)
:check:Learning Strategy Pro Tip:
Seat Student near the front of the class
Captioning
Use captioned material in the classroom
Visual Alerting Devices
Use specially designed devices to alert or alarm students during timed activities or emergencies
Real Time Transcription
Use software to transcribe spoken material simultaneously
Coupling Accessories/FM Devices
Use coupling accessories and/or FM devices to transmit audio at a steady volume directly to student regardless of distance/volume
Watch: Assistive Technology Solutions for Students Who are Deaf or Hard of Hearing
Other Health Impairments
High Incidence (14%):
To be identified with an "other health impairment," the student's condition must cause a substantial impact on his educational performance. More information here:[(
https://www.specialeducationguide.com/.../other-health-impairment
)
Learning Strategies
Post a daily and weekly schedule that clearly delineates each activity. These schedules can then be used as prompts to direct the student back on task.
Teach students specific techniques for organizing their thoughts and materials. Organize the classroom accordingly, and keep all materials in permanent locations for easy access.
Allow the student extra time for finishing assignments and transitions.
Assistive Technologies
For older students, personal digital assistants, dictating machines, and a variety of computer programs can help organizational skills
As each OHI is unique, the needs of the individual determine the designation of appropriate assistive technology.
Low tech devices such as notebooks and dividers can be utilized to record and organize assigned homework and classroom tasks
Traumatic Brain Injury
Low Incidence (<1%)
Learning Strategies
Reinforce legthening periods of attention to appropriate tasks
Keep the environment as distraction-free as possible
Provide repitition and consistency
Demonstrate new tasks , state instructions and provide examples
Teach compensatory strategies for increasing memory
Teach compensatory strategies for increasing memory
Give students more time for work and tests
Give directions one step at a time
Be flexible
Reduce distractions
Watch:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qIA5MVvYBuo
Assistive Technology
Devices for Mobility
canes
crutches
wheelchairs
specialized desks and chairs
Devices to Acess Information
calendar boards
schedule organizers
voice organizers
specialized wathces
PDA devices
Devices for Memory & Organization
speech recognition software
screen reading software
tinted overlays for reading
software for students with disabilities
Learning Disabilities
High Incidence (44.6%)
Assistive Technology
Graphic Organizer Software (ex. Prezi):
helps students who have trouble organizing. Lets students put information in an unstructured manner and later helps organize information into categories.
Word Prediction Programs (ex. iWordQ):
Reduced the need for handwriting, and improves students' spelling accuracy and writing skills.
Pentop Computers:
Provides auditory feedback during composition or math work.It helps with essay compositions, receptive note taking, and multiplicaiton skills
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CThsnREAcf4
Learning Strategies
Instructions should be specific and step by step.
Use models that are quality work, so students can see and analyze.
Have students repeat back the instructions to insure that the students understands.
State specific expectations.
Speech and Language Impairment
High Incidence (20%)
Assistive Technology
Use of augmentative or alternative communication, the use of symbols, aids, strategies, and techniques to enhance the communication process.
manual and electronic communication boards
sign language
Computer software packages to help develop speech and language skills
Learning Strategies
Requiring children who stutter to speak more fluently
Assisting children with voice disorders to improve their voice quality
Practice with proper production of speech sounds
Helping individuals with aphasia to relearn speech and language skills
Assisting individuals who have difficulty swallowing as a result of illness, surgery, stroke, or injury
Evaluating, selecting, and developing augmentative and alternative communication systems
Enhancing communication effectiveness
Work with a speech- language pathologist
Watch
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=09rfaRUsGPk
Mild Intellectual Disabilities
Low Incidence (6%)
Learning Strategies
Use a wide range of learning resources (e.g. visual aids (charts/artefacts), concrete objects, computer software and accessible texts.
Useful techniques to use include skimming, scanning and highlighting key words/key facts in written pieces of information, using subject dictionaries, sequencing activities and mind-mapping.
Incorporate the student’s interests, aptitudes, experiences and skills into learning and teaching.
Encourage the development of life skills, personal and social skills through all aspects of the curriculum.
Observe the student’s learning style and differentiate teaching and learning accordingly.
Assistive Technologies
Optical mice
Alphsmart pen: AlphaSmart is a note-taking device that can provide basic word-processing
Voice recognition software
Lowercase keyboards and keyboard overlays
Emotional Disturbance
High Incidence (7.5%)
Learning Strategies
Simple and clear classroom rules/ activities.
Reward positive behavior.
Build in short rest periods or mini-breaks into the school day.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qI6C0LcJOc
Assistive Technology
Word Processing Software:
Allows student to edit and revise their work as they produce it. It can also strengthen spelling skills and cohesion.
Audiobooks or Text to Speech Software:
Reading is a task that can trigger frustration when it becomes too much for them. Students can sit back and listen in order to prevent too much engagement in the brain system.
Reminder Devices:
Students tend to be easily distracted. A reminder device can bring the attention back.
Talk Light
:
Noise sensitivity can be a big issue among students with behavioral disabilities. The overstimulation from their environment can become a trigger for their behavior problems.This technology can help monitor the volume inside the classroom and help teacher realize when the volume becomes unacceptable.
