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PLE (Product Line (Goals (reduction in time to market, reduction in…

- - - - output of domain engineering processes that are used in application engineering to produce products in the product line
    - - vertical domain
        
        eg, entertainment
      - horizontal domain
        
        eg., mechanisms of interaction
      - diffused domain
        
        eg., reasoning support
  - - - Develop the core assets first
        
        develop the scope first and use it as a mission statement
        
        product comes to market quickly with minimum code writing
        
        Requires upfront investment and predictive knowledge
    - - start with one or more products
        
        from them create assets, from them future products. Scope evolves dramatically
        
        Architecture and other core assets must be robust, extensible and appropriate for future product line needs
        
        Much lower cost of entry
    - - in proactive or reactive approach, develop part of the core-asset base.
        
        Develop part of the core asset base, including architecture and other important components
        
        develop one or more products
        
        develop the core asset base further
        
        develop more products
        
        Evolve the core asset base.
  - - - build up PL incrementally over time (reactive)
    - - extract commonalities from existing products (extractive)
    - - invest into PL upfront (proactive)
- - - - \( COST_{\textit{SINGLE}} - COST_{PL}\)
- - - - process of creating software systems from existing software rather than creating it from scratch
    - - black box
        
        Average cost
        
        search + (1-p) * development
        p = probability that an asset is found in the repository
        
        breakeven point
        
        search < p * development
      - white box
        
        Average cost
        
        search + (1-p) * (ApproxSearch + q * Adaptation + (1-q) * development)
        q = probability that a good approximation for the asset can be found
        p = probability that an asset is found in the repository
        
        Breakeven point
        
        Search + (1-p) * ApproxSearch + (1-p) * q * Adaptation <= (p + (1-p)*q)* Development
    - - cloning
        
        idea
        
        copy existing code and modify it for every new product
        
        problem
        
        diverging "sea of look alikes"
      - Modify and Retrofit
        
        idea
        
        only keep one version and modify it for every new product
        
        problem
        
        A single complex product is built but no reusable asset
      - BoilerPlates
        
        idea
        
        provide stubs that must be filled out for each new product
        
        problem
        
        production becomes increasingly complex as stubs grow