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2.3 Flows of Energy and Matter (Why is sunlight lost (Reflection from…

- - - - The gain by producers in energy or biomass per unit area per unit time remaining after allowing for respiratory losses (R)
      - NPP = GPP - R
    - - The equivalent to the mass of glucose created by photosynthesis per unit area per unit time in primary producers
      - GPP = NPP + R
  - - - The gain by consumers in energy or biomass per unit area per unit time remaining after allowing for respiratory losses (R)
      - NSP = GSP - R
    - - The total energy or biomass assimilated by consumers. It is also the total energy gained through the absorption in consumers
      - GSP = food eaten - fecal loss
- - - - organisms, including forests
    - - atmosphere, soil, fossil fuels, and oceans
  - - - Converts inorganic materials into organic matter
    - - Converts organic storage into organic matter
    - - Transforms biomass into carbon dioxide and water
    - - Transforms organic matter in dead organisms into fossil fuels through incomplete decay and pressure
- - - - Solution
        
        Clover can be used in order to replace the fertilizers because clover has small swellings on their roots called nodules. Rhizobia, which is the nitrogen-fixing bacteria, live in these nodules. The bacteria take in nitrogen gas from the air and converts it into ammonium and nitrate which then can be used by plants to grow well
- - - - Aquatic
      - Forest
      - Grassland
      - Desert
      - Tundra
  - - - Needed for photosynthesis, transpiration, and support (turgidity)
    - - Needed for photosynthesis
    - - Affects the rate of photosynthesis which determines the productivity of an ecosystem (NPP). The more productive a biome, the higher the NPP
- - - - Altitude
      - Lattitude
      - Distance from sea (spatial phenomenon)
- - - - Succession occurring in a previously uncolonized substrate
    - - Succession occurring in places where a previous community has been destroyed. Faster than a primary succession due to the presence of soil and a seed bank. Takes place after a land clearance that does not involve the loss of the soil and seen and root stocks