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Kaposi's sarcoma (Diagnosis (Examination Dermatological: raised, well…
Kaposi's sarcoma
Diagnosis
Examination
Dermatological: raised, well circumscribed purple papules
Investigations
Bedside: obs (nil)
Bloods: FBC, CRP, U+E, LFTs, bone profile
IMaging: CXR, CT abdo/pelvis, CT head (mets)
Biopsy: confirms diagnosis
History
PC/HPC: skin lesions, symptomatic mets, red flags
PMH: known HIV, other conditions
DH: HAART, allergies
SxH: partners, gender, contraception, HIV status, BBV risk
Epidemiology
HIV+, immunosuppressed
Rare
Pathophysiology
Development
HHV8 infection
Deranged growth of capillaries in skin and mucosae
Types
Classic (elderly Mediterranean, due to blood sucking insects), endemic (Africa), immunosuppressed, AIDs-related
Clinical
presentation
Skin lesions
Raised, well defined purple papules.plaques
Mets
Resp: SOB, haemoptysis
Bowel: N+V, diarrhoea, pain
Management
Conservative
Information, advice, support
Optimum HIV management (HAART)
Medical
Retinoids
Cryotherapy
Radiotherapy
Chemotherapy
Definition
Tumour of capillary endothelial cells
or fibrous tissue typically seen in
immunocompromised states (i.e. HIV)