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Lipids (Fatty acid cannot exist alone, must together with glycerol…
Lipids
Fatty acid cannot exist alone, must together with glycerol
Glycerol + 1 fatty acid (
monoacylglycerol
)
Glycerol + 2 fatty acid (
diacylglycerol
)
Glycerol + 3 fatty acid (
triacylglycerol
)
Typical natural of fatty acids
Saturated;
S
tearic,
P
almitic,
L
auric,
M
yristic,
A
rachidic
Unsaturated;
P
almitoleic,
O
leic,
L
inoleic,
L
inolenic,
A
rachidonic
Saponification
a reaction of glyceryl ester with Na or K to produce soap;NaOH (aq)
Neutral fat
Extra carb & protein are stored in it (as energy storage)
Glycerol (CH2OH) as the backbone
Triacylglycerol/ Triglycerides/ Acylglycerols
All fatty acid must hv; COOH at one terminal & CH3 at other terminal
Basic lipid unit: Glycerol
General structure of fatty acids:
M
ethyl-
H
ydrocarbon chain-
C
arboxyl group
Ester bond is formed
Introduction
Function
Energy storage in cell
Hormones
Component in cell membranes
Chemical natures of lipid types in cell
Group 1 (Open-chain compound) where each with polar head and a long tail
Group 2 (Fused-ring compound); Steroid and cholestrols
Compound that insoluble in H20
but
soluble in nonpolar organic solvent; oily & fatty biomolecule
Chemical struct cons of nonpolar moieties: CHO element