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Respiratory System (disorders of the respiratory system (Birth Defects…

- - - - branch from bronchioles
    - - out-pouching of alveolar duct, sites of gas exchange surrounded by capillaries, and produce surfactant allows alveoli to expand
- - - - olfactory receptors(sense of smell) located in mucosa on superior surface
      - rest lined with respiratory mucosa, which moistens air and traps incoming foreign particles
      - lateral walls have conchae and increases surface area and increases air turbulence within the nasal cavity
    - - cavities within bones: Frontal, Sphenoid Ethmoid, Maxillary bone. It helps lighten the skull, resonance chambers for speech and produces mucus
    - - muscular passage from nasal cavity to larynx
      - Three regions of the Pharynx
        
        Nasopharynx
        
        superior region behind nasal cavity(passage of air only)
        
        Oropharynx
        
        middle region behind mouth(passage for food and air)
        
        Laryngopharynx
        
        inferior region attached to larynx(passage for food and air)
    - - air enters nose through external nares(nostrils) and nasal cavity(interior of nose) divided by nasal septum
  - - - formed by division of trachea, enters the lung at hilus and the bronchi subdivide into smaller and smaller branches
    - - occupy most of thoracic cavity, apex is near clavicle(superior portion) and base rests on diaphragm(inferior portion)
    - - connects larynx with brochi and fairly rigid because of the C-shaped rings made of hyaline cartilage to keep airway open at all times. Lined with ciliated mucosa, which beat continuously in opposite direction of incoming air and the mucus loaded with dust and other debris away from lungs