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Humanistic psychology (Keyterms (conditions of worth - conditions imposed…
Humanistic psychology
Keyterms
conditions of worth - conditions imposed on an individuals behaviour and development that are considered necessary to earn positive regard from significant others.
congruence - if there is similarity between a person's ideal self and self-image, a state of congruence exists. a difference represents at state of incongruence.
free will - the ability to act at one's own discretion, i.e. to choose how to behave without being influenced by external forces
hierarchy of needs - the motivational theory proposed by Abraham Maslow, often displayed as a pyramid. The most basic needs are at the bottom and higher needs at the top.
humanistic - refers to the belief that human beings are born with the desire to grow, create and to love, and have the power to direct their own lives.
self - our personal identify, used synonymously with the terms 'self-image' and 'self-concept'.
self-actualization - a term used in different ways, Rogers used it as the drive to realize one's true potential. Maslow used it to describe the final stage of his hierarchy of needs.
Hierarchy of needs
self-actualization - morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice
esteem - self-esteem, confidence, respect of others
love/belonging - friendship,family, sexual intimacy
safety - security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property
physiological - breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion
Focus on the self, Congruence, Conditions of worth
The self (or self-concept) refers to how we preceive ourselves as a person. Rogers (1951) claimed that people have two basic needs: positive regard from other people and a feeling of self-worth.
Where there is similarity between a person's ideal self and how they perceive themselves to be in real life, a state of congruence exists. However, if there is a difference between the self and ideal self, the person experiences a state of in congruence.
When people experience conditional positive regard they develop conditions of worth. These are conditions that they perceive significant others put upon them, and which they have to be in place if they are to be accepted by others and see themselves positively.
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