Respiratory System Ms. Yang Period 1 Ana Chen
anatomy of the respiratory tract
breathing mechanism (physiology)
lung capacity terminology
disorders
organs of the respiratory system and location
respiration
differences between the right and left lung and right and left
primary bronchi
Major functions of the
respiratory system
Upper respiratory tract
lower respiratory tract
internal: is O2 and CO2 exchange with blood on a tissue level
external: exchange of O2 and CO2 with blood within the lungs
as volume of lung increases pressure decreases, and as volume decreases pressure increases
tidal volume: air inhaled or exhaled at a normal rate
residual volume: end result in the lungs that keeps the system from collapsing after expiration.
expiratory reserve volume: volume of air that can be released.
respiratory capactiy:amount of air that can be pushed through the lungs
inspiratory reserve volume: amount of air inhaled after respiration
total capacity: how much air the lungs can hold.
dead space: does not contribute to gas exchange
Exchange of gases (internal and external respiration)
distribution of oxygen into the blood to the rest of the body and the exchange of carbon
inhalation causes the diaphragm to compress and the lungs to expand,
exhalations causes diaphragm to contract and the lungs to compress
gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) are constantly being exchanged through diffusion in the pleuaral cavity of the lungs (which is why the lungs are shaped the way they are shaped).
asthma: swelling of breathing tubes due to some type of trigger (allergies).
tuberculosis: bacterium that is spread throughout lungs through coughing. Can result in air or fluid accumulating in the lungs, can create a hole or even spread the bacteria to other parts of the body.
lung cancer: can be affected by a tumor on the lymph nodes and is triggered by air pollution, first, second and third hand smoking, and/or asbestos along with other factors. .
primary bronchi: initial bronchi before split.
left and right lungs
diaphragm
pharynx (nasopharynx and oropharynx)
intercostal cartilage
trachea
ribcage
secondary bronchi: splits bronchi into two parts
trachea: below the larynx before the primary bronchi
tertiary bronchi: ends of the bronchi
larynx: between upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract.
alveoli: at the end of the bronchi
lungs: holds bronchis located in the chest
pleural spaces: holds the lungs located right on the outside
diaphragm: at the far bottom, assists in the inhale and exhale of air within the lungs.
nasopharynx pharynx in the nasal caviry
oropharynx: located in the mouth
nasal cavity: in the nose
laryngopharynx: right before the larynx
right lung: wider and shorter due to not having to house the heart in the same cavity.
-has 3 lobes instead of 2
-right lung is straight.
left lung: narrower and longer due to it's housing of the heart.
-only has 2 lobes instead of 3
-houses the heart
-is an abnormal shape (contains a deep cardiac notch.)
larynx
pleurae