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The respiratory system P.5 Yaritza Perez (Organs (nose- main external…
The respiratory system P.5 Yaritza Perez
Major functions
inhalation and exhalation ( breathing!)
external respiration exchanges gases between the lungs and bloodstream
internal respiration exchanges gases between the bloodstream and body tissues
air-> vocal cord makes sound
respiratory tract
upper resp. tract
Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
lower resp. tract
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Aveloli
Bronchioles
Organs
nose- main external opening for the resp. system
pharynx- common passage way for air and food
larynx- helps particles from entering the trachea
lungs- major organ!
nasal cavity- warm, moisture, and filter incoming air
sinuses- air filled spaces
right and left lungs
left lung is smaller because of the space taken by the heart
right lung has 3 lobes
left lung has 2 lobes
right and left primary bronchi
right is short, more wide and its more vertical
left is slimmer, taller and not as vertical
right enters right lung roughly at level of the 15 thoracic vertebrae
breathing mechanism
mechanics ( changes in size & shape of thorax cause changes in air pressure)
inspiratory muscles ( diaphragm flattens during inspiration; increases top to bottom length of thorax
expiration ( passive process- air moves out of lungs)
inspiration- movement air into lungs
expiration- movement out of lungs
lung capacity terminology
vital capacity-greatest volume capacity
total lung volumes- total sums of all volumes
functional residual capacity- erv+ rv
inspirational capacity- tv+ irv
functional residual capacity- erv+rv
external respiration- occur in the lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses into the air
internal respiration- occurs in the metabolizing tissues, where oxygen diffuses out of the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out of cells
disorders
seasonal flu- virus; viral season infection
pnemonia- bacterial or viral infection of lungs
lung cancer- uncontrolled cell growth and development of tumors in the lungs