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Totalitarian Regimes Group 50 ((Pravda SOVIET NEWSPAPER (Published its…
Totalitarian Regimes
Group 50
Mass propaganda techniques and modern communications.
Loss of the division of powers.
Secret police was created to eliminate the enemies of the regime
Disolution of other political parties.
Led by a single leader and a single party.
Use of corporativism as a political power.
Militia was involved in the government and tried to take control.
It does not respect the individual dignity.
Social classes into masses.
The young faces groups were particularly focused on military activities.
Spain
In 1920 there are general elections when the socialist-worker
The social model of the Italian fascism
The coup triumphed because it had a fundamental support, that of Alfonso XIII de Borbón.
The opposition to the dictatorship took a lot in the political aspect, some liberals, conservatives, republicans, socialists, anarchists.
General Primo de Rivera, Rey Alfonso XIII, Jose Calvalcanti de Alburquerque
Newspaper
•La Nación
La Nación was a newspaper in Madrid between
1925 and 1936, it was financed by the administration of Primo de Rivera.
Rivera wanted to suspend the constitution of 1876 and he wanted the end of the parlament
Spain in 1929 was an agrarian country with a poor level of industrialization. It had experienced an economic boom during the decade of the "happy twenty" The first effect of the crisis was the depreciation of the peseta. It went from a change of 5.85 per dollar in 1928 to 7.25 in December 1929. In 1932, the most dramatic year, it was trading at 12.42.
Rise of peripheral nationalisms and rise of republicans and the workers movement.
Thee triumph of fascism in Italy after the March on Rome in 1922 and the rise to power of Mussolini.
The National Assembly was preparing a draft Constitution and it seems that Primo de Rivera was already thinking seriously about his own withdrawal, just when he thought it was his best moment.
The causes of the coup
Several factors explain that the military dictatorship began to be seen as a solution to the crisis of the country between the upper bourgeoisie, many of the middle classes and the Army.
Soviet Union
1929-1941
Industrial progress achieved, private property didn't exist.
Totalitarian Regime of USSR is also called Stalism,
.
Its objective was to generate struggle for the overcoming of capitalism and the achievement of the dictatorship of the proletariat.
Pravda
SOVIET NEWSPAPER
Published its first issue on May 5, 1912, in Saint Petersburg.
Offered its readers on science, economics, cultural topics, and literature
People started quitting and dying because their houses were left apart.
Ended the NEP and launched his First Five Year Plan which set economic goals for five-years period. This plan was meant to turn Russia to a an industrial country.
Private properties disappeared and became property of the government.
An enemy of the USSR was Lev Trotsky, he didn't want Stalin in the power because he considered Stalin as an ignorant of real socialism.
Stanlin [Bolshevik Party]
Marxism-Leninism.
Leninism ideology consists in a belief that global socialism can be achieved by dictatorship of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. And Marx states a proletariat connotation which is firstly economic more than political
Countries involved: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Ukraine, Moldova, Letonia, Lituania, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, .
-Government was soon dominated by the military in the early 1930s
-Civilians started forming extremist patriotic organizations, as an example the Black Dragon Society
-There were ultra-nationalist social organizations.
-The monarch was Emperor Hirohito.
-Strongly promoted militarism ideology.
-Education and culture were purged of most Western ideas
-Japan started to grow industrialy
-Searches for an expansion to China since the Shandong Problem caused by the Versailles Treaty
-The Saibatzu were large financial and industrial corporation that controlled major segments of the Japanese industrial sector. Examples: Mitsubishi, Mitsui, Sumitomo, Yasuda.
Newspapers: Fukkokuban Jikyoku Shinbun, Hoji Shinbun and Keijō Nippō
The motto of this Regime was Peace and Success
The fascist symbol refers to the metal ax held by wooden poles ("Union makes strength") and that way it represents the fascist State ("The State above the individual")
The National Fascist Party was the only political party.
Communist, Socialist, Capitalists and Democrats were against Fascism. The Marxists were the enemy number one because they was fighting against the ideology nationalist and totality.
Fascism is a political movement that was born in Italy. The fascists came to power in Rome in 1922.
Paramilitary group called “Fasci di Combattimento”.
PROPAGANDA
Fascist regimes put great effort into controlling the media, especially the radio and the press.
Propaganda (Newspaper "Il Popolo")
Italy was lead by Benito Mussolini.
It was a nationalist government.
.
They used particular symbols to diferenciate their power
.
What is a
Totalitarian regime
?
Italy
1922-1939
Spain
1921-1939
Japan
1931-1945
